Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death morphologically, genetically, and biochemically distinct from other cell death pathways and characterized by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides and oxidative damage. It is now understood that ferroptosis plays an essential role in various biological processes, especially in the metabolism of iron, lipids, and amino acids. Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide with low early diagnosis rates and high metastasis rates, accounting for its relatively poor prognosis. Although chemotherapy is commonly used to treat GC, drug resistance often leads to poor therapeutic outcomes. In the last several years, extensive research on ferroptosis has highlighted its significant potential in GC therapy, providing a promising strategy to address drug resistance associated with standard cancer therapies. In this review, we offer an extensive summary of the key regulatory factors related to the mechanisms underlying ferroptosis. Various inducers and inhibitors specifically targeting ferroptosis are uncovered. Additionally, we explore the prospective applications and outcomes of these agents in the field of GC therapy, emphasizing their capacity to improve the outcomes of this patient population.

中文翻译：

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靶向胃癌铁死亡：策略和机遇

铁死亡是一种新型的程序性细胞死亡，在形态、遗传和生物化学上与其他细胞死亡途径不同，其特征是铁依赖性脂质过氧化物的积累和氧化损伤。现在人们了解到，铁死亡在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用，特别是在铁、脂质和氨基酸的代谢中。胃癌（GC）是全球范围内常见的恶性肿瘤，其早期诊断率低、转移率高，预后较差。尽管化疗通常用于治疗GC，但耐药性常常导致治疗结果不佳。在过去几年中，对铁死亡的广泛研究突显了其在胃癌治疗中的巨大潜力，为解决与标准癌症治疗相关的耐药性提供了一种有前途的策略。在这篇综述中，我们对与铁死亡机制相关的关键调控因素进行了广泛的总结。已发现多种专门针对铁死亡的诱导剂和抑制剂。此外，我们还探讨了这些药物在 GC 治疗领域的前瞻性应用和结果，强调它们改善该患者群体结果的能力。