A brief overview of the current stage of the chromosome study of the insect order Hymenoptera is given. It is demonstrated that, in addition to routine staining and other traditional techniques of chromosome research, karyotypes of an increasing number of hymenopterans are being studied using molecular methods, e.g., staining with base-specific fluorochromes and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), including microdissection and chromosome painting. Due to the advent of whole genome sequencing and other molecular techniques, together with the “big data” approach to the chromosomal data, the current stage of the chromosome research on Hymenoptera represents a transition from Hymenoptera cytogenetics to cytogenomics.

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膜翅目（昆虫纲）的染色体研究：从细胞遗传学到细胞基因组学

 简要概述了膜翅目昆虫染色体研究的现阶段。研究表明，除了常规染色和其他传统的染色体研究技术外，越来越多的膜翅目动物的核型正在使用分子方法进行研究，例如碱基特异性荧光染料染色和荧光原位杂交（FISH），包括显微切割和染色体涂色。由于全基因组测序等分子技术的出现，加上染色体数据的“大数据”方法，现阶段膜翅目染色体研究代表了从膜翅目细胞遗传学向细胞基因组学的转变。