Recently, opportunistic pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have caused concern due to their ability to cause antibiotic resistance in weakened immune systems. As a result, researchers are always seeking efficient antimicrobial agents to tackle this issue. The hypothesis of the recent study was that probiotic products derived from bacteria would be effective in reducing drug resistance in other bacteria. This research aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of probiotic products from various bacterial strains, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus acidilactisi, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus licheniformis. These were tested against multi-drug-resistant (MDR) standard strains A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. B. licheniformis was found to be the most effective probiotic strain, possessing the LanA and LanM lantibiotic genes. The lipopeptide nature of the probiotic product was confirmed through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The anti-biofilm and antimicrobial properties of this probiotic were measured using an SEM electron microscope and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. Real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to compare the expression of bap and luxI genes, which are considered virulence factors of drug-resistant bacteria, before and after treatment with antimicrobial agents. The MIC results showed that the probiotic product prevented the growth of bacteria at lower concentrations compared to antibiotics. In addition, the ΔΔCqs indicated that gene expression was significantly down-regulated following treatment with the obtained probiotic product. It was found that B. licheniformis probiotic products could reduce drug resistance in other bacteria, making it a potential solution to antibiotic resistance.

最近，鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌等机会性病原体由于能够在薄弱的免疫系统中引起抗生素耐药性而引起人们的关注。因此，研究人员一直在寻找有效的抗菌剂来解决这个问题。最近研究的假设是，源自细菌的益生菌产品可有效降低其他细菌的耐药性。本研究旨在研究不同菌株（包括鼠李糖乳杆菌、乳酸片球菌、凝结芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和地衣芽孢杆菌）的益生菌产品的抗菌特性。这些药物针对多重耐药 (MDR) 标准菌株鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌进行了测试。地衣芽孢杆菌被发现是最有效的益生菌菌株，拥有LanA和LanM羊毛硫抗生素基因。通过高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 技术证实了益生菌产品的脂肽性质。使用 SEM 电子显微镜和最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 测试来测量该益生菌的抗生物膜和抗菌特性。采用实时 PCR (qPCR) 比较抗菌药物治疗前后bap和luxI基因（被认为是耐药细菌的毒力因子）的表达。MIC 结果表明，与抗生素相比，益生菌产品在较低浓度下即可阻止细菌生长。此外，ΔΔCqs表明，用获得的益生菌产品处理后，基因表达显着下调。研究发现，地衣芽孢杆菌益生菌产品可以降低其他细菌的耐药性，使其成为抗生素耐药性的潜在解决方案。