To keep pace with the skyrocketing demand of vegetable oil and reduced dependency on import, there is a need to focus on indigenous oilseed crops, such as niger (Guizotia abyssinica L.F. Cass). Niger is a minor oilseed crop that consists of 32 to 40% quality oil and 18 to 24% protein in the seeds. Despite its considerable importance, self-incompatibility and high outcrossing pose difficulty in breeding through conventional methods. Double haploid (DH) technology is one of the alternatives to overcome the problem and develop inbred lines in a shorter time. In context to this, a highly efficient protocol for DH production through anther culture in Indian niger varieties JNS 9 and JNS 28 was developed. The investigation was conducted to identify the suitable microspore stage for anther culture, cold pre-treatment, hormonal combinations for callus induction (T1–T4), shooting (S1–S26), rooting (R1–R3), hardening, ploidy index, and the effect of different colchicine treatments on the efficiency of the developed protocol. Anthers in disc florets of light green to greenish yellow color have uninucleate microspores (7 d of bud initiation). For callus initiation, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 0.3 mg L⁻¹ kinetin (KIN) showed 100% efficiency. For shoot initiation, 37 to 40% greening was observed on MS medium with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ activated charcoal and, subsequently, 19% shoot emergence on MS medium containing 0.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP and 0.5 mg L⁻¹ KIN. Low efficiency of shoot regeneration was addressed by adding 0.2% colchicine for 30 h at the callusing stage which resulted in 90 to 95% increased efficiency in shooting. For rooting, MS medium containing 2.0 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) was efficient with a frequency of 85 to 90% followed by hardening in 1:1:1 ratio of vermiculite:sand:soil in pots. Ploidy indexing was done using cell size analysis followed by chromosome count using a microscope which confirmed the ploidy level of regenerants as compared to diploid control. Thus, the procedure developed in the study demonstrates the successful development of DH which in turn facilitates the acceleration of the breeding program through the development of homozygous inbreds and new cultivars.

为了跟上植物油猛增的需求并减少对进口的依赖，有必要关注本土油籽作物，例如尼日尔（Guizotia abyssinica LF Cass）。尼日尔是一种次要油籽作物，种子中含有 32% 至 40% 的优质油和 18% 至 24% 的蛋白质。尽管其相当重要，但自交不亲和性和高度异交给通过常规方法育种带来了困难。双单倍体（DH）技术是克服该问题并在更短的时间内培育自交系的替代方案之一。在此背景下，开发了一种通过印度尼日尔品种 JNS 9 和 JNS 28 花药培养生产 DH 的高效方案。进行调查以确定花药培养、冷预处理、愈伤组织诱导（T1-T4）、出芽（S1-S26）、生根（R1-R3）、硬化、倍性指数和愈伤组织的激素组合的合适小孢子阶段。不同秋水仙碱治疗对所开发方案效率的影响。浅绿色至绿黄色的圆盘小花中的花药具有单核小孢子（芽萌发7天）。^{对于愈伤组织起始，含有2.0 mg L -1} 2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)和0.3 mg L ^-1激动素(KIN)的Murashige和Skoog (MS)培养基显示出100%的效率。^{对于芽萌生，在含有 0.5 mg L -1} 6-苄氨基嘌呤 (BAP) 和 0.5 mg L ^-1活性炭的MS 培养基上观察到 37% 至 40% 的绿化，随后在含有 0.5 mg L -1 的 MS 培养基上出现 19% 的芽出苗率^{- 1} BAP 和 0.5 mg L ^-1 KIN。通过在愈伤期添加0.2%秋水仙碱30小时解决芽再生效率低的问题，使芽再生效率提高90%至95%。^{对于生根，含有2.0 mg L -1}吲哚-3-丁酸（IBA）的MS培养基是有效的，频率为85%至90%，然后在盆中以1:1:1比例的蛭石：沙子：土壤进行硬化。使用细胞大小分析进行倍性索引，然后使用显微镜进行染色体计数，这确认了与二倍体对照相比的再生体的倍性水平。因此，该研究中开发的程序证明了 DH 的成功开发，这反过来又通过纯合近交系和新品种的开发促进了育种计划的加速。