With the development of science and technology, microrobots have been used in medicine, biology, rescue, and many other fields. However, the microrobots have problems such as energy and motion due to miniaturization. In order to solve the problem of the energy supply of microrobots, researchers have provided more drive schemes for microrobots. Inspired by the biological cilia, the biomimetic cilia have been developed and applied to microrobots to achieve propulsion, liquid pumping, liquid mixing, and particle manipulation. This review summarizes the different driving modes of microrobots, focusing on the application of magnetic drive and optical drive in the field of micro-robots. The structure and function of biological cilia and biomimetic cilia are introduced. The application of biomimetic cilia microrobots in various fields is discussed, and the current challenges and future development trends of biomimetic cilia microrobots are summarized. This review hopes to provide useful help for researchers of biomimetic cilia microrobots.

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仿生纤毛微型机器人综述：驱动方法、应用及研究前景

随着科学技术的发展，微型机器人已应用于医学、生物学、救援等诸多领域。然而，微型机器人由于小型化而存在能量和运动等问题。为了解决微型机器人的能源供给问题，研究人员为微型机器人提供了更多的驱动方案。受生物纤毛的启发，仿生纤毛被开发出来并应用于微型机器人，以实现推进、液体泵送、液体混合和颗粒操纵。本文总结了微型机器人的不同驱动方式，重点介绍了磁驱动和光驱动在微型机器人领域的应用。介绍了生物纤毛和仿生纤毛的结构和功能。讨论了仿生纤毛微型机器人在各个领域的应用，总结了仿生纤毛微型机器人当前面临的挑战和未来的发展趋势。该综述希望能为仿生纤毛微型机器人的研究人员提供有益的帮助。