The transplantation of European legal systems in the periphery often occurred via semi-colonial institutions, where Europeans were subject to their own jurisdictions that placed them outside the reach of local courts. In nineteenth-century Egypt, the option of extraterritoriality was extended to local non-Muslims. Drawing on Egypt's population censuses in 1848 and 1868, we show that locals did not seek extraterritoriality to place themselves under more efficient jurisdictions. Rather, legal protection mitigated uncertainty about which law would apply to any contractual relationship in an environment where multiple legal systems co-existed and overlapped.

中文翻译：

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对治外法权的要求：十九世纪埃及的宗教少数群体

欧洲法律体系在外围的移植通常是通过半殖民地机构进行的，在这些机构中，欧洲人受自己的司法管辖，而不受当地法院的管辖。在十九世纪的埃及，治外法权的选择范围扩大到了当地的非穆斯林。根据 1848 年和 1868 年埃及的人口普查，我们表明当地人并没有寻求治外法权以将自己置于更有效的管辖之下。相反，法律保护减少了在多种法律体系共存和重叠的环境中哪种法律适用于任何合同关系的不确定性。