The capabilities approach has largely addressed individual capabilities via a liberal framework common in its literature. However, a growing number of scholars concerned with sustainable human development are analyzing theories and methodologies that are both suitable for human flourishing and display a respect for nature. This paper explores several forms of considering the value of non-animal and non-individual natural entities, such as ecosystems. I first expose some instrumental reasons why we may care about the flourishing of ecosystems and then other reasons based on the assumption that they have integrity and their own capabilities and, therefore, deserve moral consideration. I argue that despite the possible moral conflicts that may emerge between human and ecosystemic autonomy, they could be avoided by adopting an ecological justice virtue. I present this ecological justice characterized by some contributions of decolonial thought and environmental virtue ethics. I propose that if the capabilities approach was not anchored only in an individualistic ontology, it could better assume a multi-level axiology from which the inherent and instrumental value of ecosystems would be interconnected. And, to this end, I find the concept of synergetic flourishing helpful to accept an interdependent and non-human-centered recognition of the capabilities.

中文翻译：

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从非人类能力的相互依存与协同繁荣重新思考生态正义的环境美德

能力方法在很大程度上通过其文献中常见的自由框架来解决个人能力问题。然而，越来越多关注人类可持续发展的学者正在分析既适合人类繁荣又尊重自然的理论和方法。本文探讨了考虑非动物和非个体自然实体（例如生态系统）价值的几种形式。我首先揭示了我们关心生态系统繁荣的一些工具性原因，然后是基于生态系统具有完整性和自身能力的假设的其他原因，因此值得道德考虑。我认为，尽管人类和生态系统自治之间可能出现道德冲突，但可以通过采取生态正义美德来避免这些冲突。我提出了这种生态正义，其特征是非殖民思想和环境美德伦理学的一些贡献。我认为，如果能力方法不仅仅扎根于个人主义本体论，它可以更好地假设一种多层次的价值论，生态系统的内在价值和工具价值将相互关联。为此，我发现协同繁荣的概念有助于接受对能力的相互依赖和非人类中心的认可。