Suicide attempts are a possible consequence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although their prevalence varies across different epidemiological studies. Suicide attempt is a significant predictor of death by suicide, highlighting its importance in understanding and preventing tragic outcomes. Researchers are increasingly recognizing the need to study the differences between males and females, as several distinctions emerge in terms of the characteristics, types and motivations of suicide attempts. These differences emphasize the importance of considering gender-specific factors in the study of suicide attempts and developing tailored prevention strategies. We conducted a network analysis to represent and investigate which among multiple neurocognitive, psychosocial, demographic and affective variables may prove to be a reliable predictor for identifying the ‘suicide attempt risk’ (SAR) in a sample of 81 adults who met DSM-5 criteria for MDD. Network analysis resulted in differences between males and females regarding the variables that were going to interact and predict the SAR; in particular, for males, there is a stronger link toward psychosocial aspects, while for females, the neurocognitive domain is more relevant in its mnestic subcomponents. Network analysis allowed us to describe otherwise less obvious differences in the risk profiles of males and females that attempted to take their own lives. Different neurocognitive and psychosocial variables and different interactions between them predict the probability of suicide attempt unique to male and female patients.

中文翻译：

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一项区分男性和女性重度抑郁症患者自杀未遂风险概况的网络研究

自杀未遂是重度抑郁症 (MDD) 的一个可能后果，尽管不同流行病学研究中其患病率有所不同。自杀未遂是自杀死亡的重要预测因素，凸显了其在理解和预防悲剧结果方面的重要性。研究人员越来越认识到研究男性和女性之间差异的必要性，因为自杀未遂的特征、类型和动机方面出现了一些差异。这些差异强调了在自杀未遂研究中考虑特定性别因素和制定量身定制的预防策略的重要性。我们进行了一项网络分析，以表示和调查多个神经认知、心理社会、人口统计和情感变量中的哪些变量可能被证明是确定 81 名符合 DSM-5 标准的成年人样本中“自杀未遂风险”(SAR) 的可靠预测因素对于MDD。网络分析导致男性和女性在相互作用和预测 SAR 的变量方面存在差异；特别是，对于男性来说，与心理社会方面的联系更强，而对于女性来说，神经认知领域的记忆强化子成分更相关。网络分析使我们能够描述试图自杀的男性和女性风险状况中不太明显的差异。不同的神经认知和心理社会变量以及它们之间不同的相互作用预测了男性和女性患者特有的自杀企图的可能性。