Aedes aegypti mosquitoes represent a significant public health hazard as they serve as vectors for a variety of arboviral infections, including Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya. This necessitates the development of efficacious vector control strategies. The current study conducted at the Medical Entomology laboratory of the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Peshawar, Pakistan, evaluated the potential use of locally sourced aqueous-based plant extracts against different life stages of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The utilization of plant extracts, including Parthenium hysterophorus, Nicotiana tabacum, Melia azedarach, and Fagonia indica, offers a potentially effective and ecologically sustainable strategy for pest control. The above excerpts present environmentally friendly alternatives that are biodegradable and have a little impact on the environment. These alternatives are in contrast to synthetic pesticides and contribute to the promotion of sustainable and ecologically responsible methods of pest control. The study tested various plant extracts, specifically those from Parthenium hysterophorus, Nicotiana tabacum, Melia azedarach, and Fagonia indica. These were examined at high concentrations to assess their toxicity to the mosquito species. The extract of P. hysterophorus demonstrated impressive efficacy, displaying 100% effectiveness across all mosquito life stages. This was closely followed by N. tabacum, F. indica, and M. azedarach in decreasing order of efficacy. To better understand the potency of these plant extracts, their LC₅₀ values were determined after 24, 48, and 72 hours post-exposure. LC₅₀ values, a common measure in toxicology, indicate the concentration at which 50% of the test organisms are killed. Among the tested extracts, M. azedarach exhibited the highest LC₅₀ values (1.703%, 2.142%, 2.640%), implying lower toxicity, while P. hysterophorus showed the lowest LC₅₀ values (0.120%, 0.420%, 0.975%), indicating high toxicity to Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. Based on the comparative analysis of toxicity, the extracts' efficiency order was established as follows: P. hysterophorus extracts > N. tabacum extracts > F. indica extracts > M. azedarach extracts. These findings suggest that P. hysterophorus and N. tabacum, particularly at a 3% concentration, hold promising potential as components in eco-friendly integrated vector management (IVM) strategies. This approach would serve as an alternative to the traditional reliance on synthetic pesticides, which often pose environmental and health risks due to their residual toxicity.

埃及伊蚊对公共健康构成重大危害，因为它们是多种虫媒病毒感染的载体，包括登革热、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热。这就需要制定有效的病媒控制策略。目前在巴基斯坦白沙瓦粮食和农业核研究所 (NIFA) 医学昆虫学实验室进行的研究评估了当地来源的水基植物提取物对抗埃及伊蚊不同生命阶段的潜在用途。利用植物提取物，包括白玉兰、烟草、苦楝和秋海棠，为害虫防治提供了一种潜在有效且生态可持续的策略。以上摘录介绍了可生物降解且对环境影响较小的环保替代品。这些替代品与合成农药形成鲜明对比，有助于推广可持续且对生态负责的害虫防治方法。该研究测试了各种植物提取物，特别是来自白土花、烟草、苦楝和金秋草的提取物。对这些物质进行高浓度检查，以评估其对蚊子的毒性。P. hysterophorus提取物表现出令人印象深刻的功效，在蚊子的所有生命阶段均显示 100% 的有效性。紧随其后的是烟草、籼稻和苦楝，按功效降序排列。为了更好地了解这些植物提取物的效力，在暴露后 24、48 和 72 小时后测定了它们的 LC _50值。LC ₅₀值是毒理学中的常用测量方法，表示杀死 50% 测试生物体的浓度。在测试的提取物中，苦楝表现出最高的LC ₅₀值（1.703％、2.142％、2.640％），这意味着毒性较低，而P.hysterophorus表现出最低的LC ₅₀值（0.120％、0.420％、0.975％）。对埃及伊蚊幼虫具有高毒性。通过毒性对比分析，确定各提取物的药效顺序为：凤梨提取物>红花提取物>籼稻提取物>苦楝提取物。这些发现表明P. hysterophorus和N. tabacum，特别是浓度为 3% 的，作为生态友好型综合病媒管理 (IVM) 策略的组成部分具有广阔的潜力。这种方法将替代传统上对合成农药的依赖，合成农药因其残留毒性而经常造成环境和健康风险。