An ultra-precision part called an aerostatic bearing uses a spindle that is encircled by a thin layer of air. The demand for aerostatic bearings in the electronic, instrumentation, healthcare, and other manufacturing or processing industries is extremely high owing to their high accuracy. The primary area of attention in this work is the experimental determination of the impact of the roughness parameter on the functionality of the thrust and journal bearings. The aerostatic bearing is created based on the theoretical study to accomplish the goal. The present design is examined numerically using ANSYS Fluent’s computational fluid dynamics module to simulate airflow. The pressure distribution results of earlier studies confirm the result of simulation. The manufactured components are assembled to analyse the variation in radial and axial loads acting on the spindle with the spindle displacement (1–5 µm) in the direction of the load at supply pressures (3–6 bar) in the clearance of 30 µm after performing the finishing on the bearing and spindle surface. Three different methods—machining, grinding, and magnetorheological finishing—are employed to improve the surface of the air bearing. The variance in axial and radial loads acting on the spindle for each roughness reduction technique is calculated using the variation in spindle displacement. According to the experimental findings, the increase in load capacity for journal bearing and thrust bearing at a 5 µm spindle displacement is determined for machining to grinding and for grinding to magnetorheological finishing, respectively. The surface finish parameter’s results show how surface roughness affects the aerostatic journal’s and thrust bearing’s ability to carry loads. For applications like drives in industrial machinery, where better surface finish is a crucial aspect in raising overall functional efficiency, the current study on aerostatic bearing surface finishing is useful.

一种称为空气静压轴承的超精密零件使用被一层薄薄的空气包围的主轴。由于其高精度，电子、仪器仪表、医疗保健和其他制造或加工行业对空气静压轴承的需求非常高。这项工作的主要关注领域是通过实验确定粗糙度参数对推力轴承和轴颈轴承功能的影响。空气静压轴承就是在理论研究的基础上创造出来的，以实现这一目标。使用 ANSYS Fluent 的计算流体动力学模块模拟气流对本设计进行数值检验。早期研究的压力分布结果证实了模拟结果。将制造的部件组装起来，分析作用在主轴上的径向和轴向载荷的变化，在供应压力 (3-6 bar) 下，在 30 µm 的间隙中，主轴在载荷方向上位移 (1-5 µm)。对轴承和主轴表面进行精加工。采用机械加工、磨削和磁流变精加工三种不同的方法来改善空气轴承的表面。使用主轴位移的变化来计算每种粗糙度降低技术作用在主轴上的轴向和径向载荷的变化。根据实验结果，轴颈轴承和推力轴承在主轴位移 5 µm 时负载能力的增加分别确定为机加工磨削和磨削磁流变精加工。表面光洁度参数的结果显示表面粗糙度如何影响空气静压轴颈和推力轴承的承载能力。对于工业机械中的驱动器等应用，更好的表面光洁度是提高整体功能效率的关键因素，当前对空气静压轴承表面光洁度的研究是有用的。