Purpose

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common worldwide and gender differences exist in terms of prevalence and disability. MSDs are a leading cause of sick leave and physical work exposures. To assess the association between physical exposures assessed by the gender-specific CONSTANCES Job-Exposure Matrix (JEM) and musculoskeletal pain in six areas: neck pain, shoulder pain, elbow/arm pain, hand/wrist pain, low back pain, knee/leg pain; and to compare the results with those obtained using the non-gendered CONSTANCES JEM and with individual self-report exposures.

Methods

We included 48,736 male and 63,326 female workers from the CONSTANCES cohort (France). The association between 27 physical exposures and musculoskeletal self-reported pain in six body areas was assessed using logistic regression. We conducted the analysis with three types of exposures: (1) individual self-reported exposures; (2) gender-specific CONSTANCES JEM; (3) non-gendered CONSTANCES JEM, and adjusted for age and Body Mass Index (BMI). Analyses were stratified by gender.

Results

The associations to the gender-specific and non-gendered JEM were similar. The odds ratios using individual self-reported exposures were comparable to the JEM-based associations, with the exceptions of the exposures ‘change tasks’, ‘rest eyes’ and ‘reach behind’. In some comparisons, there were differences in the direction and/or significance of effects between genders (regardless of whether the JEM used was gender-specific or not).

Conclusion

The gender-specific and non-gendered JEMs gave similar results, hence, developing physical work exposures JEMs that are gender-specific may not be essential. However, when predicting musculoskeletal pain, it seems relevant to stratify the analysis by gender.

中文翻译：

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CONSTANCES 中肌肉骨骼疼痛与特定性别、非性别工作暴露矩阵和自我报告暴露之间的比较

目的

肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）在世界范围内很常见，并且在患病率和残疾方面存在性别差异。MSD 是病假和体力工作暴露的主要原因。旨在评估通过特定性别的 CONSTANCES 工作暴露矩阵 (JEM) 评估的身体暴露与六个区域的肌肉骨骼疼痛之间的关联：颈部疼痛、肩部疼痛、肘部/手臂疼痛、手部/手腕疼痛、腰部疼痛、膝盖/腿痛; 并将结果与​​使用非性别 CONSTANCES JEM 和个人自我报告暴露获得的结果进行比较。

方法

我们纳入了来自 CONSTANCES 队列（法国）的 48,736 名男性和 63,326 名女性工人。使用逻辑回归评估 27 种身体暴露与 6 个身体部位的肌肉骨骼自我报告疼痛之间的关联。我们对三种类型的暴露进行了分析：（1）个人自我报告的暴露；(2) 特定性别的 CONSTANCES JEM；(3) 不分性别的 CONSTANCES JEM，并根据年龄和体重指数 (BMI) 进行调整。分析按性别分层。

结果

与特定性别和非性别 JEM 的关联相似。使用个人自我报告的暴露的比值比与基于 JEM 的关联相当，但暴露“改变任务”、“休息眼睛”和“向后伸手”除外。在一些比较中，性别之间的影响方向和/或显着性存在差异（无论使用的 JEM 是否针对特定性别）。

结论

特定性别和非性别的 JEM 给出了相似的结果，因此，开发特定性别的体力工作暴露 JEM 可能并不重要。然而，在预测肌肉骨骼疼痛时，按性别对分析进行分层似乎是相关的。