We normally think of ‘plural’ in English in terms of reference to more than one, as in the use of the word dogs to refer to more than one dog. This is described as the ‘ordinary’ or ‘additive’ plural, which has referential homogeneity in the sense that every member of the group referenced by dogs is a dog. In contrast, there is another type of plural which is used for human groups and has referential heterogeneity, that is, each member of the referenced group is a separate individual.1 In addition, each of those members is associated in some way, typically as family, friend or habitual companion, with a prominent member of the group, hence the term ‘associative’ plural for the construction. The following description is from Moravcsik (2003). Associative plurals will be taken to be constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X's associate(s),’ where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X. (pp. 470–471)

中文翻译：

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英语变体中的联想复数标记

我们通常认为英语中的“复数”指的是多个，例如使用该词小狗指代多个狗。这被描述为“普通”或“加法”复数，它具有指称同质性，即该组的每个成员都被引用小狗是一个狗。相比之下，还有另一种复数类型用于人类群体，具有指称异质性，即所指群体的每个成员都是单独的个体。1此外，这些成员中的每一个都以某种方式（通常作为家人、朋友或习惯性伴侣）与该群体中的重要成员相关联，因此该结构使用“关联”复数一词。以下描述来自 Moravcsik (2003)。联想复数将被视为其含义为“X 和 X 的同事”的结构，其中所有成员都是个人，X 是焦点所指，并且同事形成以 X 为中心的群体。（第 470 页） –471)