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Remnants of a Young Monogenetic Volcanic Field and the Fragile Balance of Anthropogenic Interaction
Geoheritage ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s12371-023-00897-8
April Foote , Heather Handley , Károly Németh

The rapid development of Auckland City in New Zealand from an initial rural settlement to a global urban hub produced a characteristic footprint on the Auckland Volcanic Field (AVF). This process was facilitated by increased anthropogenic activity that has resulted in the deterioration and destruction of many volcanic landforms and caused severe archaeological, cultural, geological and educational losses in an alarmingly short timescale. The AVF has 53 volcanic centres, and of these, 17% are classified as intact, 28% are partially intact, 30% are partially destroyed, and 25% are destroyed (including 13% that have no trace left). Based on surface area, approximately 40% of volcanic deposits in the AVF have been lost. The most common causes for impacts are public land use, quarrying and urban development. Regardless, there is significant potential to be found in the balance between the losses and gains of anthropogenic impacts on volcanic landforms. In the AVF and worldwide, geological studies have often been assisted by the presence of outcrops created by quarrying, mining, transport infrastructure and other modifications of volcanic landforms. Areas of significant volcanic geoheritage worldwide are often linked with these impacted volcanoes, and the information gained from these geoheritage areas assists in the management of geodiversity and geoeducation. Several volcanic centres are currently at risk of further destruction in the near future (Crater Hill, Waitomokia, Maugataketake, Kohuroa, Three Kings, St Heliers and McLaughlins Mt) and should be prioritised for any possible research before it is too late. We propose that a geological assessment should be a requirement before and, if possible, during any land development on or near a volcanic landform. Allowing access to scientists through the course of development in areas with volcanic landforms would, in turn, aid public and governing bodies in decision-making for the future of the city and its volcanoes in terms of increased knowledge of volcanic mechanisms of the AVF and awareness of the potential associated hazards.



中文翻译:

年轻的单生火山场的遗迹和人为相互作用的脆弱平衡

新西兰奥克兰市从最初的乡村定居点快速发展为全球城市中心,在奥克兰火山场 (AVF) 上留下了独特的足迹。人类活动的增加促进了这一过程,导致许多火山地貌的恶化和破坏,并在极短的时间内造成了严重的考古、文化、地质和教育损失。AVF 有 53 个火山中心,其中 17% 完好,28% 部分完好,30% 部分破坏,25% 被破坏(包括 13% 不留痕迹)。根据表面积计算,AVF 中大约 40% 的火山沉积物已经消失。最常见的影响原因是公共土地使用、采石和城市发展。无论如何,在人为影响对火山地貌的损失和收益之间的平衡方面存在着巨大的潜力。在 AVF 和世界范围内,地质研究常常得到因采石、采矿、交通基础设施和火山地貌的其他改变而形成的露头的帮助。世界范围内重要的火山地质遗产地区通常与这些受影响的火山有关,从这些地质遗产地区获得的信息有助于地理多样性和地理教育的管理。目前,几个火山中心(火山口山、怀托摩基亚、毛加塔克、科胡罗阿、三王山、圣赫利尔斯和麦克劳林斯山)在不久的将来面临进一步破坏的风险,应优先进行任何可能的研究,以免为时已晚。我们建议,在火山地貌上或附近进行任何土地开发之前,如果可能的话,应要求进行地质评估。允许科学家在火山地貌地区的开发过程中接触到科学家,反过来将有助于公众和管理机构就城市及其火山的未来做出决策,增加对 AVF 火山机制的了解和认识潜在的相关危险。

更新日期:2023-11-10
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