Drinking water contamination by per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) is a global concern. Nanofiltration is a promising PFAS removal technology due to its scalability and cost-effectiveness. However, nanofiltration cannot typically reduce PFAS concentrations below current drinking water recommendations. To enhance PFAS removal, we developed mixed-matrix-composite nanofiltration (MMCNF) membranes—an active nanofiltration layer on porous adsorptive support that synergetically combines filtration and adsorption. We synthesized MMCNF membranes comprising thin polyelectrolyte multilayer films deposited on thick (~400 µm) polyethersulfone supports incorporating β-cyclodextrin microparticles. These membranes achieved near complete removal (>99.9%) of model PFAS (PFOA: perfluorooctanoic acid) for significantly longer filtration times compared to a control membrane without β-cyclodextrin, but otherwise identical. The spent MMCNF membrane was regenerated using ethanol, and high PFOA removal performance was regained during three filtration cycles. Perfluorooctanoic acid was concentrated 38-fold in the ethanol eluent. Further concentration by evaporation is straightforward and can enable eluent recycling and effective PFAS removal.

全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 造成的饮用水污染是全球关注的问题。纳滤因其可扩展性和成本效益而成为一种很有前景的 PFAS 去除技术。然而，纳滤通常不能将 PFAS 浓度降低到当前饮用水建议以下。为了提高 PFAS 的去除率，我们开发了混合基质复合纳滤 (MMCNF) 膜，这是一种位于多孔吸附载体上的活性纳滤层，可协同结合过滤和吸附。我们合成了 MMCNF 膜，该膜包含沉积在厚（~400 µm）聚醚砜载体上的薄聚电解质多层膜，并掺有 β-环糊精微粒。与不含 β-环糊精的对照膜相比，这些膜几乎完全去除 (>99.9%) 模型 PFAS（PFOA：全氟辛酸），过滤时间显着延长，但其他方面相同。使用乙醇对用过的 MMCNF 膜进行再生，并在三个过滤周期内恢复了高 PFOA 去除性能。全氟辛酸在乙醇洗脱液中浓缩 38 倍。通过蒸发进一步浓缩非常简单，并且可以实现洗脱液回收和有效去除 PFAS。