Introduction

Inconsistency of sexual definitions may lead to misunderstandings when evaluating research data or delivering health education. Diverse sexual definitions are especially common with unidirectional genital contacts (only one participant is involved with their genitals). Our aim was to analyze sexual definitions of adolescents and the role of age, gender, previous sexual experience, anxiety, and body image as possible determinants of unidirectional intimate behavior definitions.

Methods

Pooled cross-sectional survey data of 9th-grade Hungarian students (n = 612, mean age = 16.1 years, range from 15 to 18 years) were used from the baseline assessment (conducted in 2019 and 2020) of the Balassagyarmat Health Education Program. Our questionnaire was based on the Sexual Definitions Survey. The associations of definition of manual and oral stimulation with gender, age, sexual experience, trait anxiety, and body image were further examined in a multilevel logistic regression model.

Results

The rating of different sexual behaviors as sex showed a hierarchy from kissing (10.3%) to vaginal intercourse (98.5%). Manual and oral stimulation was claimed to be sex by 73.4% and 84.3% of students. Girls (OR = 0.40; CI = 0.25–0.62) and older participants (OR = 0.75; CI = 0.59–0.96) were less likely to consider manual stimulation as sex. Conversely, previous sexual experience, anxiety, and body image were not significant predictors.

Conclusions

Our study is the first to investigate sexual definitions among non-English-speaking adolescents. It contributes to the understanding of ambiguity regarding the definitions of oral and manual stimulation in this specific age group.

Policy implications

As adolescents are the primary focus of sexual education, policies should take into consideration the semantic differences in sexual definitions, as these may influence the participants’ interpretation of information and have an effect on their sexual behavior.

中文翻译：

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青少年多样化的性定义及其预测因素：匈牙利的多层次分析

介绍

在评估研究数据或提供健康教育时，性别定义的不一致可能会导致误解。不同的性定义在单向生殖器接触中尤其常见（只有一名参与者涉及其生殖器）。我们的目的是分析青少年的性定义以及年龄、性别、以前的性经历、焦虑和身体形象作为单向亲密行为定义的可能决定因素的作用。

方法

 Balassagyarmat 健康教育计划的基线评估（于 2019 年和 2020 年进行）使用了匈牙利 9 年级学生（n = 612，平均年龄 = 16.1 岁，范围从 15 至 18 岁）的汇总横断面调查数据。我们的调查问卷基于性别定义调查。在多级逻辑回归模型中进一步检查了手动和口腔刺激的定义与性别、年龄、性经历、特质焦虑和身体形象的关联。

结果

对不同性行为的评分显示出从接吻（10.3%）到阴道性交（98.5%）的等级。73.4%和84.3%的学生声称手动和口腔刺激是性行为。女孩（OR = 0.40；CI = 0.25–0.62）和老年参与者（OR = 0.75；CI = 0.59–0.96）不太可能将手动刺激视为性行为。相反，之前的性经历、焦虑和身体形象并不是显着的预测因素。

结论

我们的研究是第一个调查非英语青少年的性定义的研究。它有助于理解这个特定年龄组中口腔和手动刺激定义的模糊性。

政策影响

由于青少年是性教育的主要焦点，政策应考虑性定义的语义差异，因为这些差异可能会影响参与者对信息的解释并影响他们的性行为。