This study presents a corpus-based investigation of self-repairs in hearing adult L2 (M2L2, second modality and second language) learners of Swedish Sign Language (Svenskt teckenspråk, STS). This study analyses M2L2 learners’ STS conversations with a deaf signer and examines the learners’ self-repair practices and whether there are differences among learners of different proficiency levels. This provides a description of characteristics of self-repair made by M2L2 learners as well as the frequency and distribution of self-repair categories. The results show that the frequency of self-repair decreases with increased proficiency, at least after the initial stage. Furthermore, the self-initiated repair categories of the beginners are often phonological repairs, while intermediate learners tend to carry out self-repairs at the lexical and syntactic level. The results also reveal a specific type of STS repair linked to fingerspelling repairs. We discuss the effects of second modality learning as well as the relationship between monitoring and language proficiency.

中文翻译：

---

听力 L2 学习者自发手语的自我修复：一项发展研究

本研究对瑞典手语（ Svenskt teckenspråk，STS）成人二语（M2L2、第二形态和第二语言）学习者的自我修复进行了基于语料库的调查。本研究分析了 M2L2 学习者与聋人手语者的 STS 对话，并考察了学习者的自我修复实践以及不同熟练程度的学习者之间是否存在差异。这描述了 M2L2 学习者进行自我修复的特征以及自我修复类别的频率和分布。结果表明，自我修复的频率随着熟练程度的提高而降低，至少在初始阶段之后是这样。此外，初学者的自我修复类别往往是语音修复，而中级学习者则倾向于在词汇和句法层面进行自我修复。结果还揭示了与手指拼写修复相关的特定类型的 STS 修复。我们讨论了第二种学习方式的影响以及监控和语言能力之间的关系。