This meta-analysis evaluated the potential association of a simultaneously measured inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference (IASBPD) and all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. The Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed databases were searched through to April 14, 2023 for relevant literature. The outcomes were the associations of IASBPD with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Finally, 10 cohort studies that included 15 320 individuals were included. An IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg was associated with increased all-cause mortality (pooled hazard ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.61) but an IASBPD of ≥10 mm Hg was not (pooled HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.89–1.85). The pooled HR for cardiovascular mortality was 1.88 (95% CI 1.31–2.71) for an IASBPD of ≥10 mm Hg and 1.93 (95% CI 1.24–2.99) for an IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg. Subgroup analysis showed that younger patients (HR 9.03, 95% CI 2.00–40.82, p = .004) with an IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg were at higher risk of cardiovascular mortality than older patients (HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.06–2.64, p = .03); the difference between groups was statistically significant (p = .04). In conclusions, our findings show that a simultaneously measured IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg predicts increased all-cause mortality and an IASBPD of ≥15 mm Hg or ≥10 mm Hg predicts increased cardiovascular mortality. An IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg appears to be more correlated with cardiovascular mortality in younger patients than in older patients.

中文翻译：

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臂间收缩压差异与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率的关联：队列研究的荟萃分析

这项荟萃分析评估了同时测量的臂间收缩压差 (IASBPD) 与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率之间的潜在关联。检索了 Medline、Cochrane Library、Embase 和 PubMed 数据库，查找截至 2023 年 4 月 14 日的相关文献。结果是 IASBPD 与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率的关联。最后，纳入了 10 项队列研究，涉及 15 320 名个体。IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 与全因死亡率增加相关（汇总风险比 [HR] 1.28，95% 置信区间 [CI] 1.02–1.61），但 IASBPD ≥10 mm Hg 则不然（汇总 HR 1.28， 95% CI 0.89–1.85）。IASBPD ≥10 mm Hg 时，心血管死亡率的汇总 HR 为 1.88 (95% CI 1.31–2.71)；IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 时，心血管死亡率的汇总 HR 为 1.93 (95% CI 1.24–2.99)。 亚组分析显示，IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 的年轻患者（HR 9.03，95% CI 2.00–40.82，p = .004）比老年患者（HR 1.67，95% CI 1.06–2.64， p  = .03); 组间差异具有统计学意义（p  = .04）。总之，我们的研究结果表明，同时测量的 IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 预测全因死亡率增加，而 IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 或 ≥10 mm Hg 预测心血管死亡率增加。与老年患者相比，IASBPD ≥15 mm Hg 似乎与年轻患者的心血管死亡率更相关。