Hyperleukocytosis in leukemic patients may cause tumour lysis syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and leukostasis, resulting in decreased tissue perfusion and increasing the risk of mortality. Since the myeloid blasts are larger than lymphoid blasts and are less deformable, complications of leukostasis are seen more frequently in myeloid leukemia. Priapism is a less common complication associated with leukostasis in leukaemia patients that should be treated as soon as possible to avoid ischemic injuries. Although chemotherapeutic drugs such as hydroxyurea and imatinib are used to treat hyperleukocytosis in CML patients, leukocytapheresis (LCP) can achieve rapid cytoreduction. Prophylactic LCP could not offer any advantage over aggressive chemotherapy, but therapeutic leukocyte depletion has a proven role in patients having symptomatic leukostasis due to high tumour burden. Three patients with ischaemic priapism were reported at our institute's emergency department, where detumescence could not be achieved by distal shunting or aspiration with phenylephrine instillation. The procedure of therapeutic LCP was performed in all three patients on an emergency basis, which resolved painful priapism by rapid cytoreduction.

白血病患者白细胞增多可能引起肿瘤溶解综合征、弥散性血管内凝血和白细胞停滞，导致组织灌注减少，增加死亡风险。由于髓系母细胞比淋巴母细胞更大且不易变形，因此在髓系白血病中更常见白细胞停滞并发症。阴茎异常勃起是白血病患者中一种不太常见的与白细胞停滞相关的并发症，应尽快治疗以避免缺血性损伤。尽管羟基脲和伊马替尼等化疗药物用于治疗CML患者白细胞增多症，但白细胞去除术（LCP）可以实现快速细胞减灭。预防性 LCP 无法比积极化疗提供任何优势，但治疗性白细胞去除对于因高肿瘤负荷而出现症状性白细胞停滞的患者具有已被证明的作用。我所急诊科报告了三例缺血性异常勃起患者，通过远端分流或去氧肾上腺素滴注抽吸无法实现消肿。所有三名患者均紧急接受了治疗性 LCP 手术，通过快速细胞减灭术解决了痛苦的阴茎异常勃起问题。