The purpose of this study is to systematically investigate the activity characteristics of the significant earthquake swarms in the Bohai Rim region. We use the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model with good fitting and the Ogata–Katsura 1993 model with full consideration of small earthquake information to fit the sequence parameters of the significant earthquake swarms since 2012, including Changdao, Rushan, Gaizhou, and Yinghaixiu, and analyze their parameter variation characteristics. The results show that the significant earthquake swarms have some differences in time but not in space, and only some migration phenomena exist in their development processes. The b value is significantly affected by the activity of earthquake swarms, with many fluctuations. Before the occurrence of significant earthquake swarms or strong earthquakes, there are different degrees of low b phenomenon, reflecting the stress accumulation before significant earthquakes (earthquake swarms), and the activity of earthquake swarms leads to the adjustment of crustal stress. The ETAS model shows a good fitting effect on the sequence of the Bohai Rim earthquake swarms. The α value of the earthquake swarms is low, and the cascade triggering ability is high, which also produces more earthquake events for the determination of the α value as an earthquake swarm. There are some differences in the activity of small earthquake swarms among the significant earthquake swarms; for example, the triggering ability of the Changdao earthquake swarm is stronger, the attenuation of the Rushan earthquake swarm is slow, the stress level of the YinghaiXiu area is lower, and the stress level of the Gaizhou area is higher. This study is of great significance to the investigation of the activity characteristics of earthquake swarm sequences and the occurrence of future earthquake swarms or significant events.

本研究的目的是系统研究环渤海地区重大震群的活动特征。采用拟合良好的流行型余震序列（ETAS）模型和充分考虑小震信息的Ogata-Katsura 1993模型来拟合2012年以来长岛、乳山、盖州、瀛海秀，并分析其参数变化特征。结果表明，显着震群在时间上存在一定差异，但在空间上没有差异，其发展过程中仅存在一些迁移现象。b值受地震群活动影响较大，波动较大。强震群或强震发生前，存在不同程度的低b现象，反映强震（震群）前的应力积累，震群活动导致地应力的调整。ETAS模型对环渤海震群序列显示出良好的拟合效果。地震群的α值较低，级联触发能力较高，这也为地震群α值的确定产生更多的地震事件。大震群中小震群的活动性存在一定差异；例如，长岛震群的触发能力较强，乳山震群的衰减较慢，瀛海秀地区的应力水平较低，盖州地区的应力水平较高。该研究对于研究地震群序列的活动特征以及未来地震群或重大事件的发生具有重要意义。