The relation between passive and positive real systems has been extensively studied in the literature. In this paper, we study their connection to the more recently used notion of port-Hamiltonian descriptor systems. It is well-known that port-Hamiltonian systems are passive and that passive systems are positive real. Hence it is studied under which assumptions the converse implications hold. Furthermore, the relationship between passivity and KYP inequalities is investigated.

中文翻译：

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端口哈密尔顿、被动和主动实数描述符系统之间的区别

被动真实系统与主动真实系统之间的关系已在文献中得到广泛研究。在本文中，我们研究了它们与最近使用的端口哈密尔顿描述符系统概念的联系。众所周知，哈密尔顿港系统是无源的，并且无源系统是正实数的。因此，研究的是在哪些假设下相反的含义成立。此外，还研究了被动性和 KYP 不等式之间的关系。