Artemisia afra is an aromatic shrub used as a herbal remedy in southern Africa for various disorders, including coughs, colds, influenza, and, most notably, for the prophylaxis and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections. Modern high-throughput genotyping by sequencing, which combines next generation sequencing and diversity array technology (DArTseq) complexity reduction methods, allows for the generation of high-quality whole-genome profiles without any previous organismal genetic information that may hamper the diversity analyses. This study investigated the feasibility of incorporating DArTseq-derived single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and bioactive compounds into a geographic information system to predict the spatial distribution of A. afra gene diversity in selected southern African environs. DNA extraction, sequencing, and SNP calling mineral analyses (using R Studio) were performed on a total of 80 genotypes collected around Roma and Mohale’s Hoek, Lesotho, and Wepener and Hobhouse, South Africa. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and neighbour-joining dendrograms revealed three clusters of variation among genotypes; however, geographic distribution did not influence A. afra genetic diversity. The mean heterozygosity among genotypes was 7.7%. Genotypes collected in Roma and Mohale’s Hoek exhibited high levels of genetic diversity. Local A. afra genetic diversity was relatively low, indicating uniformity of subspecies per locality. The diversity among genotypes indicated that A. afra SNPs may occur despite the location. Given that genetic diversity enhances crop performance, our findings can be useful in germplasm management, industries producing by-products of A. afra, and plant breeding programs. For the long-term conservation of medicinal plants in South Africa, significant sampling and regional data are required. In addition to evaluating qualitative and quantitative assessments of phytochemicals, it is necessary to evaluate foliar mineral composition, as well as the agronomic and morphological characteristics of collected specimens from studied locations.

阿夫拉蒿是一种芳香灌木，在南部非洲用作草药治疗各种疾病，包括咳嗽、感冒、流感，最值得注意的是，用于预防和治疗恶性疟原虫感染。现代高通量测序基因分型结合了下一代测序和多样性阵列技术 (DArTseq) 复杂性降低方法，可以生成高质量的全基因组图谱，而无需任何可能妨碍多样性分析的先前有机体遗传信息。本研究调查了将 DArTseq 衍生的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 和生物活性化合物纳入地理信息系统的可行性，以预测选定的南部非洲环境中A. afra基因多样性的空间分布。对在莱索托罗马和莫哈莱霍克以及南非韦佩纳和霍布豪斯周围收集的总共 80 种基因型进行了 DNA 提取、测序和 SNP 识别矿物分析（使用 R Studio）。算术平均的未加权配对方法（UPGMA）和邻接树状图揭示了基因型之间的三个变异簇；然而，地理分​​布并不影响A. afra遗传多样性。基因型之间的平均杂合度为7.7%。在罗马和莫​​哈莱胡克收集的基因型表现出高水平的遗传多样性。当地A. afra遗传多样性相对较低，表明每个地区亚种的一致性。基因型之间的多样性表明，无论在什么位置， A. afra SNP 都可能出现。鉴于遗传多样性可提高作物性能，我们的研究结果可用于种质管理、生产A. afra副产品的工业和植物育种计划。为了长期保护南非药用植物，需要大量采样和区域数据。除了对植物化学物质进行定性和定量评估外，还有必要评估叶面矿物质成分，以及从研究地点采集的标本的农艺和形态特征。