LoRaWAN is widely used in information monitoring under star topology. However, for linear topology applications, the LoRaWAN protocol requires the introduction of a large number of gateways, which will lead to information asymmetry, energy waste, and low network utilization. An energy-saving LoRa linear network system with adaptive transmission parameter is proposed. LoRa multihop technology is used for communication between nodes in the system, and narrowband Internet of Things module is used to the communicate with cloud platform. The adaptive transmission parameter mechanism is adopted in the system, which improves the adaptability of the linear network to changes in link channel conditions and reduces unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the flexibility and robustness of self-organizing networks are enhanced. In addition, optimized duty cycle strategies are employed to further reduce the operating power consumption. After LoRaSim simulation experiments, the results show that in the changing radio channel environment, the adaptive transmission parameter mechanism could achieve a dynamic balance between data extraction rate and energy consumption. After field tests, the results show that the system not only operates stably, but also could reduce the operating energy consumption of the LoRa linear network. The system proposed in this article is suitable for linear topological structure scenes such as river hydrological monitoring, oil pipeline monitoring, and long-distance railway monitoring.

中文翻译：

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一种具有自适应传输参数的节能LoRa线性网络系统

LoRaWAN广泛应用于星型拓扑下的信息监控。然而，对于线性拓扑应用，LoRaWAN协议需要引入大量网关，这会导致信息不对称、能源浪费、网络利用率低等问题。提出了一种具有自适应传输参数的节能LoRa线性网络系统。系统中节点之间采用LoRa多跳技术进行通信，并采用窄带物联网模块与云平台进行通信。系统采用自适应传输参数机制，提高了线性网络对链路信道条件变化的适应性，减少了不必要的能耗。同时增强了自组织网络的灵活性和鲁棒性。此外，还采用优化的占空比策略来进一步降低运行功耗。经过LoRaSim仿真实验，结果表明，在变化的无线信道环境下，自适应传输参数机制能够实现数据提取速率和能耗之间的动态平衡。经过现场测试，结果表明，该系统不仅运行稳定，而且可以降低LoRa线性网络的运行能耗。本文提出的系统适用于河流水文监测、石油管道监测、长途铁路监测等线性拓扑结构场景。