AIMS To systematically review the current evidence on the association between the neighbourhood food environment and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched the literature databases CINAHL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for studies published between 1 January 2000 and 1 May 2022. Studies focusing on the indoor home, workplace, or school food environment were excluded. Two independent reviewers screened all records. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the shortened QUIPS tool, and relevant data were extracted. We summarized the findings using a narrative synthesis approach. We included 15 studies after screening 5915 original records. Most studies were published in the last 4 years and were predominantly conducted in North American or European countries. These studies focused on fast-food restaurant density in the residential neighbourhood. A higher fast-food restaurant density was most consistently associated with a higher prevalence and incidence of CVD and CVD mortality, but effect sizes were small. Evidence of an association between fast-food restaurant density and myocardial infarction, or stroke was inconsistent. The other aspects of the food environment were density of food service restaurants, unhealthy food outlets, and food access score. However, there was scant evidence for these aspects. CONCLUSION We found evidence for associations between the neighbourhood food environment and CVD, suggesting that a higher fast-food restaurant density is associated with CVD and CVD mortality. Effect sizes were small but important, given the fact that a large population is exposed. Research is needed to assess the effects of other aspects of the food environment. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022317407.

中文翻译：

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邻近食物环境与心血管疾病之间的关联：系统评价。

目的 系统地回顾关于邻近食物环境与成人心血管疾病 (CVD) 之间关系的现有证据。方法和结果我们检索了文献数据库 CINAHL、MEDLINE 和 EMBASE，查找 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 5 月 1 日之间发表的研究。关注室内家庭、工作场所或学校食品环境的研究被排除在外。两名独立审查员筛选了所有记录。使用缩短的 QUIPS 工具评估纳入研究的偏倚风险，并提取相关数据。我们使用叙事综合方法总结了研究结果。我们筛选了 5915 份原始记录后纳入了 15 项研究。大多数研究都是在过去 4 年发表的，并且主要在北美或欧洲国家进行。这些研究的重点是住宅区的快餐店密度。较高的快餐店密度与较高的 CVD 患病率和发病率以及 CVD 死亡率密切相关，但效应较小。快餐店密度与心肌梗塞或中风之间存在关联的证据并不一致。食品环境的其他方面是食品服务餐厅的密度、不健康的食品店和食品获取得分。然而，这些方面的证据很少。结论 我们发现了附近食品环境与 CVD 之间存在关联的证据，表明较高的快餐店密度与 CVD 和 CVD 死亡率相关。考虑到大量人口受到暴露的事实，效应规模虽小但很重要。需要进行研究来评估食品环境其他方面的影响。系统审查注册 PROSPERO CRD42022317407。