INTRODUCTION Evaluation of tumor response according only to dimensional criteria may underestimate treatment benefit in patients treated for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In this study we evaluated the role of lesion enhancement modifications and Choi criteria in patients affected by renal cell carcinoma treated with immunotherapy. METHODS We collected data of 60 consecutive patients (with a total of 154 measurable lesions) treated with immunotherapy (nivolumab or ipilimumab plus nivolumab) at a single Institution. We evaluated tumour response using both RECIST1.1 criteria and Choi criteria at the first radiological assessment; we subsequently associated response with progression free survival and overall survival. RESULTS Choi criteria found a higher rate of objective response compared to RECIST criteria (38.3% vs 18.3%). An objective response according to both criteria was associated with longer progression free survival and overall survival. Response rate for Choi did not vary according to lesion site. CONCLUSION Choi criteria seemed to be able to predict clinical benefit in a higher proportion of patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with immunotherapy than RECIST criteria. Partial response according to RECIST was confirmed as a predictor of longer progression-free survival and overall survival.

中文翻译：

---

增强修饰在评估转移性肾细胞癌免疫治疗肿瘤反应中的作用。

引言 仅根据维度标准评估肿瘤反应可能会低估转移性肾细胞癌 (RCC) 患者的治疗益处。在这项研究中，我们评估了病变增强修饰和 Choi 标准在接受免疫治疗的肾细胞癌患者中的作用。方法 我们收集了在同一机构接受免疫疗法（纳武单抗或伊匹单抗加纳武单抗）的 60 名连续患者（总共 154 个可测量病灶）的数据。我们在第一次放射学评估时使用 RECIST1.1 标准和 Choi 标准评估肿瘤反应；随后我们将反应与无进展生存期和总生存期联系起来。结果 与 RECIST 标准相比，Choi 标准的客观缓解率更高（38.3% vs 18.3%）。根据这两个标准的客观反应与较长的无进展生存期和总生存期相关。Choi 的反应率并不因病变部位而异。结论 Choi 标准似乎能够预测接受免疫治疗的肾细胞癌患者的临床获益比例高于 RECIST 标准。根据 RECIST 的部分缓解被证实是较长无进展生存期和总生存期的预测因子。