The different types of diabetes differ in disease pathogenesis but share the impairment or loss of β-cell function leading to chronic hyperglycaemia. While immune cells are present throughout the whole pancreas in normality, their number and activation is increased in diabetes. Different patterns and composition of inflammation could be observed in type 1, type 2 and type 3c diabetes. Immune cells, pancreatic stellate cells and fibrosis were present in the islet microenvironment and could add to β-cell dysfunction and therefore development and progression of diabetes. First studies investigating the use of anti-inflammatory drugs demonstrate their ability to rescue remaining β-cell function and their potential benefit in diabetes treatment. This article provides an overview of immune cell infiltrates in different types of diabetes, highlights the knowledge of their impact on β-cell function and introduces the potential of immunomodulatory strategies.

中文翻译：

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1 型、2 型和 3c 型糖尿病胰腺中的免疫细胞浸润。

不同类型的糖尿病在发病机制上有所不同，但都有共同的β细胞功能损伤或丧失，导致慢性高血糖。虽然正常情况下免疫细胞存在于整个胰腺中，但在糖尿病中免疫细胞的数量和活性都会增加。在 1 型、2 型和 3c 型糖尿病中可以观察到不同的炎症模式和组成。胰岛微环境中存在免疫细胞、胰腺星状细胞和纤维化，可能会加剧 β 细胞功能障碍，从而加剧糖尿病的发生和进展。第一项调查抗炎药物使用的研究证明了它们能够挽救剩余的 β 细胞功能及其在糖尿病治疗中的潜在益处。本文概述了不同类型糖尿病中免疫细胞的浸润情况，重点介绍了免疫细胞对 β 细胞功能影响的知识，并介绍了免疫调节策略的潜力。