INTRODUCTION Recent reports have raised concerns of cardiorespiratory deterioration in some infants receiving respiratory support at birth. We aimed to independently determine whether respiratory support with a facemask is associated with a decrease in heart rate (HR) in some late-preterm and term infants. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from infants born at ≥32+0 weeks of gestation at 2 perinatal centres in Melbourne, Australia. Change in HR up to 120 s after facemask placement, measured using 3-lead electrocardiography, was assessed every 3 s until 60 s and every 5 s thereafter from video recordings. RESULTS In the 15 s after facemask placement, 10/68 (15%) infants had a decrease in mean HR by >10 beats per minute (bpm) compared with their individual baseline mean HR in the 15 s before facemask placement. In 4 (6%) infants, HR decreased to <100 bpm. Nine out of 68 (13%) infants had an increase in mean HR by >10 bpm; 7 of these infants had a baseline HR <120 bpm. In univariable comparisons, the following characteristics were found not to be risk factors for a decrease in HR by >10 bpm: prematurity; type of respiratory support; hypoxaemia; early cord clamping; mode of birth; HR <120 bpm before mask placement. Six out of 63 infants (10%) who had HR ≥120 bpm after facemask placement had a late decrease in HR to <100 bpm between 30 and 120 s after facemask placement. CONCLUSION Facemask respiratory support at birth is temporally associated with a decrease in HR in a subset of late-preterm and term infants.

中文翻译：

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妊娠 ≥ 32+0 周出生的婴儿佩戴面罩后心率变化。

简介 最近的报告引起了人们对一些出生时接受呼吸支持的婴儿心肺功能恶化的担忧。我们的目的是独立确定面罩呼吸支持是否与一些晚期早产儿和足月儿心率 (HR) 降低有关。方法 对澳大利亚墨尔本 2 个围产期中心出生的妊娠≥32+0 周的婴儿的数据进行二次分析。使用 3 导联心电图测量面罩放置后 120 秒内的心率变化，每 3 秒评估一次直至 60 秒，此后每 5 秒根据视频记录评估一次。结果 在佩戴面罩后 15 秒内，10/68 (15%) 的婴儿平均心率比佩戴面罩前 15 秒内的个体基线平均心率下降 >10 次/分钟 (bpm)。4 名 (6%) 婴儿的 HR 降至 <100 bpm。68 名婴儿中有 9 名 (13%) 的平均 HR 增加了 >10 bpm；其中 7 名婴儿的基线 HR <120 bpm。在单变量比较中，发现以下特征不是 HR 下降 > 10 bpm 的危险因素： 早产；呼吸支持类型；低氧血症; 早期脐带夹紧；出生方式；放置面罩前 HR <120 bpm。63 名婴儿中，有 6 名 (10%) 在佩戴面罩后心率≥120 bpm，但在佩戴面罩后 30 至 120 秒之间，HR 后期下降至 <100 bpm。结论 对于晚期早产儿和足月儿来说，出生时面罩呼吸支持与 HR 下降存在暂时相关性。