INTRODUCTION Frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) are common aging problems and increasing globally. The association(s) between frailty and AF have been inconclusive. The purpose of this prospective population-based cohort was to investigate the associations between frailty and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in older men and women. METHODS In total 839 participants, women (n=458) and men (n=381), aged 61-74 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study were included (March 1, 1998, to December 31, 2001). At the baseline, among frailty prevalence was 49.3% (n=414), and non-frailty 50.7% (n=425) of the total population. Frailty was ascertained with the presence of 3-5 and prefrailty 1-2 of the following criteria: weight loss (highest 20% over 7 years), self-reported tiredness, weakness (measured by handgrip strength), slow walking speed (walking pace), and low physical activity (lowest 20%). AF events were obtained by record linkages from the national computerized hospitalization registry in Finland up to December 31, 2019. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of incident events, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS During the mean follow-up of 14.2 years, 288 AF cases (169 women; 119 men) occurred. After adjustment for possible confounders, the HRs (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for AF was 1.46 (1.48-1.85) in the frail population, compared to the non-frail group. The association was observed only among older frail women [multivariable-adjusted HR 1.78, 95% CI (1.28-2.48)], (P for interaction=0.04). No statistically significant associations were observed between frailty and future AF incident among men (multivariable-adjusted HRs 1.12, 95% CI (0.77-1.63). CONCLUSIONS In this population based epidemiological cohort, the risk of developing AF was increased in women affected by frailty at baseline but not in men.

中文翻译：

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虚弱可以预测女性而非男性的心房颤动：库奥皮奥缺血性心脏病危险因素研究。

简介 虚弱和心房颤动 (AF) 是常见的老龄化问题，并且在全球范围内呈上升趋势。虚弱与房颤之间的关联尚无定论。这一基于人群的前瞻性队列研究的目的是调查老年男性和女性虚弱与心房颤动 (AF) 之间的关联。方法 库奥皮奥缺血性心脏病危险因素研究共纳入 839 名参与者，其中女性（n=458）和男性（n=381），年龄 61-74 岁（1998 年 3 月 1 日至 2001 年 12 月 31 日）。基线时，虚弱患病率为 49.3% (n=414)，非虚弱患病率为 50.7% (n=425)。存在以下标准 3-5 级和衰弱前 1-2 级即可确定衰弱：体重减轻（7 年内最高 20%）、自我报告的疲劳、虚弱（通过握力测量）、步行速度缓慢（步行速度） ）和低体力活动（最低 20%）。AF 事件是通过芬兰国家计算机住院登记处截至 2019 年 12 月 31 日的记录链接获得的。多元 Cox 比例风险回归估计了事件事件的风险比 (HR)，并针对潜在的混杂因素进行了调整。结果 在平均 14.2 年的随访期间，发生了 288 例 AF 病例（169 名女性；119 名男性）。调整可能的混杂因素后，与非虚弱组相比，虚弱人群中 AF 的 HR（95% 置信区间 (CI)）为 1.46 (1.48-1.85)。仅在年长体弱女性中观察到这种关联[多变量调整 HR 1.78，95% CI (1.28-2.48)]，（交互作用 P = 0.04）。在男性中，虚弱与未来 AF 事件之间没有观察到统计学上的显着关联（多变量调整 HR 1.12，95% CI (0.77-1.63)。结论 在这个基于人群的流行病学队列中，受虚弱影响的女性发生 AF 的风险增加处于基线水平，但男性则不然。