A puzzling finding in the speech production literature is the facilitation of categorically related distractors in a superordinate level naming task. The context is in this case response congruent, because application of the task instruction to the context would lead to the correct response. This study investigates the time-course of response congruence effects in speech production using event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants overtly named target words that were overlaid on context pictures with either their superordinate category level name or their associated function, while their response times and ERPs were recorded. Behavioural results replicate the facilitating effect of response congruence. The ERP results showed that the N2 was larger for a response incongruent than congruent context, and this effect correlated with the behavioural pattern of results. This key finding suggests that response incongruence is associated with a conflict-monitoring response which drives the behavioural effect. Further, N400 amplitude was not modulated by response congruence, showing that its effect appears confined to the conceptualisation phase. Finally, P3 modulations mirrored those in RTs, but unlike the N2 effect, they did not correlate with RTs. This suggests that, although the facilitating effect of response congruence is confined to the conceptualisation phase of speech production, response incongruent representations may remain active during later processing stages, or that this late effect of response congruence reflects conflict resolve. Implications for models of speech production are discussed.

语音生成文献中一个令人费解的发现是在上级命名任务中促进了明确相关的干扰因素。在这种情况下，上下文是响应一致的，因为将任务指令应用到上下文将导致正确的响应。本研究使用事件相关电位 (ERP) 调查言语产生中反应一致性效应的时间过程。参与者公开命名目标词，并用其上级类别级别名称或相关功能覆盖在上下文图片上，同时记录他们的响应时间和 ERP。行为结果复制了反应一致性的促进作用。ERP 结果表明，不一致的响应的 N2 比一致的上下文的 N2 更大，并且这种效应与结果的行为模式相关。这一关键发现表明，反应不一致与驱动行为效应的冲突监控反应有关。此外，N400 幅度不受响应一致性的调节，表明其效果似乎仅限于概念化阶段。最后，P3 调制反映了 RT 中的调制，但与 N2 效应不同，它们与 RT 不相关。这表明，尽管反应一致性的促进作用仅限于言语产生的概念化阶段，但反应不一致的表征可能在后期处理阶段仍然活跃，或者反应一致性的这种后期效果反映了冲突的解决。讨论了对语音产生模型的影响。