The present sero-epidemiological survey was designed and conducted to scrutinize the current status of camel-related brucellosis and chlamydiosis in Tunisia. Whole blood and serum samples were collected from 470 dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) from eight different Tunisian governorates. Serum samples were subjected to indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). The detection of Brucella and Chlamydia DNA was performed using conventional PCR targeting the bcsp-31 and 16 S rRNA gene, respectively. Overall, 10/470(2.12%) and 27/470 (5.75%) camels were revealed seropositive to Brucella and Chlamydia, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed different risk factors associated with these infections. Meaningful high rates of seropositivity of brucellosis (9.5%; p = 0.000; OR=64.193) and chlamydiosis (22.6%; p = 0.000; OR=42.860) were noted among camels showing previous abortions in particular for aged females. Besides, Chlamydia seropositivity is significantly important during winter (12.5%; p = 0.009; OR= 27.533), and in camels raised in small farms (11.4%, p = 0.000, OR=86.052). Molecular analysis revealed no positivity from all analyzed blood samples. These findings indicate the involvement of camels in the epidemiology of these abortive infectious diseases. This raises awareness and serious public health concern for infectious camel diseases in order to develop further diagnostic improvements and effective control strategies.

本次血清流行病学调查旨在详细了解突尼斯骆驼相关布鲁氏菌病和衣原体病的现状。从突尼斯八个不同省份的470 只单峰骆驼 ( Camelus dromedarius )中采集了全血和血清样本。血清样本进行间接酶联免疫吸附测定（iELISA）。分别使用针对bcsp-31和 16 S rRNA 基因的常规 PCR 进行布鲁氏菌和衣原体DNA的检测。总体而言，分别有 10/470 (2.12%) 和 27/470 (5.75%) 骆驼对布鲁氏菌和衣原体呈血清阳性。多变量逻辑回归分析显示与这些感染相关的不同危险因素。在曾经堕胎的骆驼中，特别是老年雌性骆驼中，发现布鲁氏菌病（9.5%；p = 0.000；OR=64.193）和衣原体病（22.6%；p = 0.000；OR=42.860）血清阳性率显着升高。此外，衣原体血清阳性在冬季（12.5%；p = 0.009；OR= 27.533）和小农场饲养的骆驼中非常重要（11.4%，p = 0.000，OR=86.052）。分子分析显示所有分析的血液样本均未呈阳性。这些发现表明骆驼参与了这些流产传染病的流行病学。这提高了人们对骆驼传染性疾病的认识和严重的公共卫生关注，以便进一步改进诊断方法和有效的控制策略。