Objective

Behavioral avoidance is a core component in the understanding and treatment of emotional disorders. The Child Avoidance Measure–Self Report (CAMS) and Child Avoidance Measure–Parent Report (CAMP) are two 8-item measures that assess a child’s behavioral avoidance from the child’s and parent´s perspectives, respectively. The present study aimed to analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of the CAMS and CAMP in clinical and nonclinical samples of Portuguese school-aged children and their parents.

Methods

The clinical sample included 172 parent–child dyads (children: aged 6–13 years; parents: 89% mothers) in which the child had a primary diagnosis of an anxiety or anxiety-related disorder. The nonclinical sample included independent subsamples of 288 children (aged 8–13 years) and 210 parents (93.3% mothers). In both samples, participants completed the CAMS and CAMP; the clinical sample additionally completed a self-report questionnaire assessing anxiety symptoms.

Results

A one-factor structure of the CAMS and CAMP was confirmed in both samples using confirmatory factor analysis. The CAMS and CAMP presented good internal consistency in clinical and nonclinical samples. The convergent validity of the scales was supported by significant correlations with each other and with a measure of anxiety symptomatology. Furthermore, both scales could distinguish between clinical and nonclinical participants. In the clinical sample, the scales demonstrated sensitivity to changes in response to exposure-focused CBT.

Conclusions

The CAMS and CAMP have adequate psychometric properties and provide a multi-informant assessment of children’s behavioral avoidance in clinical and nonclinical samples.

中文翻译：

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儿童和家长报告的行为回避措施 (CAMS/CAMP)：临床和非临床样本中的葡萄牙语验证

客观的

行为回避是理解和治疗情绪障碍的核心组成部分。儿童回避措施 - 自我报告 (CAMS) 和儿童回避措施 - 家长报告 (CAMP) 是两项 8 项措施，分别从儿童和家长的角度评估儿童的行为回避情况。本研究旨在分析葡萄牙学龄儿童及其父母的临床和非临床样本中 CAMS 和 CAMP 的因素结构和心理测量特性。

方法

临床样本包括 172 名亲子二人组（儿童：6-13 岁；父母：89% 是母亲），其中孩子初步诊断为焦虑或焦虑相关疾病。非临床样本包括 288 名儿童（8-13 岁）和 210 名父母（93.3% 为母亲）的独立子样本。在这两个样本中，参与者都完成了 CAMS 和 CAMP；临床样本还完成了一份评估焦虑症状的自我报告问卷。

结果

使用验证性因子分析在两个样本中证实了 CAMS 和 CAMP 的单因子结构。CAMS 和 CAMP 在临床和非临床样本中表现出良好的内部一致性。量表之间的显着相关性以及与焦虑症状学测量的显着相关性支持了量表的收敛效度。此外，两种量表都可以区分临床和非临床参与者。在临床样本中，量表表现出对以暴露为中心的 CBT 反应变化的敏感性。

结论

CAMS 和 CAMP 具有足够的心理测量特性，可以对临床和非临床样本中的儿童行为回避进行多信息评估。