AIMS To analyze the association between hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the long-term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS Predicted glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was calculated using an established formula and HGI represented the difference between laboratory measured HbA1c and predicted HbA1c. A total of 1780 patients were stratified into three subgroups (HGI < -0.4, -0.4 ≦ HGI < 0.12 and HGI ≧ 0.12). The primary endpoints included all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiac mortality (CM). The secondary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). RESULTS ACM occurred in 54 patients: 22 (3.7) in the low-HGI subgroup, 8 (1.3) in the moderate-HGI subgroup and 24 (4.1) in the high-HGI subgroup (p = .012). After adjusting for the traditional clinical prognostic factors, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients in both the low and high HGI subgroups had significantly increased risk of ACM as compared with patients in the moderate HGI subgroup (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.979, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.865-13.297, p = .001 and HR = 2.918, 95% CI: 1.075-7.922, p = .036). However, we did not find significant differences in the incidence of CM, MACEs and MACCEs. CONCLUSION HGI can predicts risk for long-term mortality in patients undergoing PCI. This index could be helpful for the effective clinical management of the CAD population.

中文翻译：

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血红蛋白糖化指数与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后冠状动脉疾病预后的关系：一项回顾性队列研究。

目的 分析血红蛋白糖化指数（HGI）与冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后长期预后的关系。方法 使用既定公式计算预测糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 水平，HGI 代表实验室测量的 HbA1c 与预测 HbA1c 之间的差异。总共1780名患者被分为三个亚组（HGI<-0.4、-0.4≤HGI<0.12和HGI≥0.12）。主要终点包括全因死亡率（ACM）和心脏死亡率（CM）。次要终点是主要不良心脏事件（MACE）和主要不良心脑血管事件（MACCE）。结果 54 例患者发生 ACM：低 HGI 亚组 22 例 (3.7)，中 HGI 亚组 8 例 (1.3)，高 HGI 亚组 24 例 (4.1) (p = 0.012)。调整传统临床预后因素后，多变量Cox回归分析显示，与中度HGI亚组患者相比，低和高HGI亚组患者发生ACM的风险均显着增加（风险比[HR] = 4.979，95%）置信区间 [CI]：1.865-13.297，p = .001，HR = 2.918，95% CI：1.075-7.922，p = .036）。然而，我们没有发现 CM、MACE 和 MACCE 的发生率存在显着差异。结论 HGI 可以预测接受 PCI 患者的长期死亡风险。该指标有助于CAD人群的有效临床管理。