Evidence suggests that in old age, women are lonelier than men. Gender differences in loneliness are often explained by gender differences in longevity, social status and loss, health, and mobility-well-established predictors that may influence loneliness differently in "younger" (40-59 years) and "older" (60-80 years) groups of men and women in the second part of life. This study explores loneliness in men and women ages 40 to 80 years at baseline over a 15-year period using panel data from three waves of the Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (N = 2,315). Our analyses show that women were more lonely than men also in adjusted analyses. Logistic regression analyses indicated that loss of a partner and poor mental health are prospectively related to loneliness among men and women, whereas other factors like becoming a partner, stable singlehood, and poor physical health were related to loneliness among women but not men.

中文翻译：

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随着时间的推移，孤独感的性别差异：对人生第二阶段男性和女性的 15 年纵向研究。

有证据表明，在老年时，女性比男性更孤独。孤独感的性别差异通常可以用寿命、社会地位和损失、健康和流动性等方面的性别差异来解释——这些既定的预测因素可能对“年轻”（40-59岁）和“老年”（60-80岁）的孤独感产生不同的影响。年）处于人生第二阶段的男性和女性群体。本研究利用挪威生命历程、老龄化和世代研究 (N = 2,315) 的三轮面板数据，探讨了 15 年期间 40 至 80 岁男性和女性的孤独感。我们的分析表明，在调整后的分析中，女性比男性更孤独。逻辑回归分析表明，失去伴侣和心理健康状况不佳与男性和女性的孤独感有关，而其他因素，如成为伴侣、稳定的单身状态和身体健康状况不佳等，与女性的孤独感有关，但与男性的孤独感无关。