The synthesis of nanoparticles from plants is a biological process recognized to be environmentally approving, and inexpensive, which is preferred over physical and chemical processes. Plant extracts synthesize many types of metal nanoparticles with high biological activity. Because of its toxicity, aflatoxin poses a significant risk to contaminated corn kernels. However, this study focused on exploring in vitro the antifungal capacity of AgNPs biosynthesized from the seed extract of Cakile maritima on the growth of Aspergillus flavus isolated from Egyptian corn kernels. The anti-Aspergillus activity of AgNPs prepared from C. maritima seed extract was first reported. This investigation was performed to distinguish aflD, aflR, and aflP as three significant genes that contribute to the production of aflatoxin B1 cycle in A. flavus. The results gained by amplifying chosen genes by PCR for the recognition of A. flavus strains correlated significantly with TLC and HPLC outcomes. Samples that tested positive for the production of aflatoxin B1 could show amplification of the three target genes. Total phenols and flavonoids were determined from C. maritima seed extract. The quantitative evaluation of the phenolic compounds of C. maritima seed methanol extract was performed. Chlorogenic acid showed the highest amount (3250.9 μg/g dry weight). AgNPs repressed the mycelial growth and the germination of A. flavus spores more than the crude extract, AgNO₃, and the fungicide compared to the negative control. The ultrastructural study of A. flavus mycelium by SEM and TEM exhibited a clear variation between untreated and treated mycelium. The treated mycelium with 10% AgPNs showed severe distortion of mycelia compared to the control, crude extract, AgNO₃, and fungicide. The results showed the maximum improvement in root length, shoot length, area of leaf surface, chlorophylls, protein, and carbohydrates of the seedlings of corn were assessed at 30 ppm AgNPs.

从植物中合成纳米粒子是一种被认为对环境有利且廉价的生物过程，这比物理和化学过程更受欢迎。植物提取物合成多种类型的具有高生物活性的金属纳米颗粒。由于其毒性，黄曲霉毒素对受污染的玉米粒构成重大风险。然而，本研究的重点是探索从Cakile maritima种子提取物中生物合成的 AgNPs对从埃及玉米粒中分离出的黄曲霉生长的体外抗真菌能力。首次报道了从C. maritima种子提取物中制备的 AgNP 的抗曲霉活性。进行这项研究是为了区分aflD、aflR 和 aflP作为有助于黄曲霉中黄曲霉毒素 B1 循环产生的三个重要基因。通过 PCR 扩增所选基因来识别黄曲霉菌株所获得的结果与 TLC 和 HPLC 结果显着相关。黄曲霉毒素 B1 产生检测呈阳性的样品可能显示出三个目标基因的扩增。从C. maritima种子提取物中测定总酚和类黄酮。对海藻种子甲醇提取物中的酚类化合物进行了定量评价。绿原酸的含量最高（3250.9 μg/g 干重）。与阴性对照相比，AgNPs比粗提取物、AgNO ₃和杀菌剂更能抑制黄曲霉孢子的菌丝生长和萌发。通过 SEM 和 TEM 对黄曲霉菌丝体的超微结构进行研究，发现未处理和处理过的菌丝体之间存在明显差异。与对照、粗提物、AgNO ₃和杀菌剂相比，用10% AgPNs 处理的菌丝体显示出严重的菌丝体变形。结果显示，在 30 ppm AgNP 下，玉米幼苗的根长、芽长、叶面积、叶绿素、蛋白质和碳水化合物的改善最大。