BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia and obesity contribute to a pro-inflammatory state. Eosinophilic airway inflammation can be indirectly measured by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) produced in the airways of asthmatic subjects. OBJECTIVE To compare exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and alveolar NO in asthmatic children with and without dyslipidemia. METHODS Asthmatic children (5-18 years old) had fasting serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations measured. FeNO was measured at constant flow rates of 20, 50, 100, and 300 ml/s by the chemiluminescence method. NO concentrations in tissue of the upper airways (CawNO) and the total flux of NO in the conducting airways (JawNO) were determined through FeNO at 20, 100, and 300 ml/s using a mathematical model. The atopic status was assessed using the skin prick test for aero-allergens. RESULTS One hundred forty-one asthmatic children were enrolled with a mean (standard deviation) age of 11.82 (3.38) years. Sixty-four (45.4%) children had dyslipidemia and 20 (14.2%) were obese. Children with low HDL-C concentrations had significantly higher CawNO and JawNO than those with normal HDL-C concentrations (both p = 0.03). Asthmatic children with obesity had higher CRP concentrations than those with a normal weight (p < 0.001). Atopic children had a significantly higher FeNO, CawNO, and JawNO than non-atopic children (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests an effect of HDL-C on CawNO and JawNO in asthmatic children. An intervention that normalizes HDL-C concentrations may be beneficial for airway inflammation in asthmatic children.

中文翻译：

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血脂异常、肥胖和特应性状态对哮喘儿童呼出气和肺泡一氧化氮的影响。

背景技术血脂异常和肥胖导致促炎症状态。嗜酸性粒细胞气道炎症可以通过哮喘受试者气道中产生的呼出一氧化氮（FeNO）分数来间接测量。目的 比较患有和不患有血脂异常的哮喘儿童的呼出一氧化氮（NO）和肺泡一氧化氮（NO）。方法 哮喘儿童（5-18岁）空腹血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）浓度以及C反应蛋白（CRP）浓度。通过化学发光法以 20、50、100 和 300 ml/s 的恒定流速测量 FeNO。使用数学模型通过 20、100 和 300 ml/s 的 FeNO 测定上呼吸道组织中的 NO 浓度 (CawNO) 和传导气道中的 NO 总通量 (JawNO)。使用空气过敏原皮肤点刺试验评估特应性状态。结果 141 名哮喘儿童入组，平均年龄（标准差）为 11.82 (3.38) 岁。64 名（45.4%）儿童患有血脂异常，20 名（14.2%）儿童肥胖。HDL-C 浓度低的儿童的 CawNO 和 JawNO 显着高于 HDL-C 浓度正常的儿童（均为 p = 0.03）。肥胖哮喘儿童的 CRP 浓度高于体重正常的儿童 (p < 0.001)。特应性儿童的 FeNO、CawNO 和 JawNO 显着高于非特应性儿童（均 p < 0.05）。结论 这项研究表明 HDL-C 对哮喘儿童的 CawNO 和 JawNO 具有影响。使 HDL-C 浓度正常化的干预措施可能有益于哮喘儿童的气道炎症。