Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant contributors in maintaining genomic integrity through epigenetic regulation. LncRNAs can interact with chromatin-modifying complexes in both cis and trans pathways, drawing them to specific genomic loci and influencing gene expression via DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling. They can also operate as building blocks to assemble different chromatin-modifying components, facilitating their interactions and gene regulatory functions. Deregulation of these molecules has been associated with various human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurological disorders. Thus, lncRNAs are implicated as potential diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets. This review discusses the current understanding of how lncRNAs mediate epigenetic control, genomic integrity, and their putative functions in disease pathogenesis.

中文翻译：

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LncRNA：好的、坏的和未知的。

长非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 通过表观遗传调控在维持基因组完整性方面发挥着重要作用。LncRNA 可以通过顺式和反式途径与染色质修饰复合物相互作用，将它们吸引到特定的基因组位点，并通过 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和染色质重塑影响基因表达。它们还可以作为构建块来组装不同的染色质修饰成分，促进它们的相互作用和基因调控功能。这些分子的失调与多种人类疾病有关，包括癌症、心血管疾病和神经系统疾病。因此，lncRNA 被认为是潜在的诊断指标和治疗靶点。这篇综述讨论了目前对 lncRNA 如何介导表观遗传控制、基因组完整性及其在疾病发病机制中的假定功能的理解。