The production of intricate samples from polymer–ceramic composites employing fused deposition modeling was studied. The samples were subjected to high-temperature heat treatment in microwave furnaces to yield titanium nitride ceramics. The conditions for making polymer–ceramic materials from polypropylene and titanium nitride powders and 3D printing conditions for associated intricate parts were examined. The TiN–polypropylene composite was produced at a temperature of 190°C through extrusion of a previously prepared homogeneous mixture with a reinforcement content of 10, 20, 40, 46, 50, and 60 vol.% TiN. Using fused deposition modeling, a gear-shaped part made of the polymer–ceramic material was printed. The printed samples with 20 and 40 vol.% TiN were heat-treated in microwave furnaces in air in a carbon black backfill and in a nitrogen flow. Following the heat treatment in microwave furnaces, the samples preserved their initial shape. The composite samples treated in a carbon black backfill in air exhibited a porosity of ~38% and those treated in a nitrogen flow showed a porosity of ~22%. The samples subjected to microwave heat treatment in a carbon black backfill in air underwent sintering and partial oxidation. After microwave heat treatment in a nitrogen flow, the titanium nitride samples showed higher density and bimodal structure with titanium nitride grains varying from several micrometers to 400–200 nm. The microhardness of the samples heat-treated in a carbon black backfill was 6.5–8.5 GPa and that of the samples treated in a nitrogen flow was 16 GPa.

研究了采用熔融沉积建模从聚合物陶瓷复合材料中生产复杂样品的过程。将样品在微波炉中进行高温热处理，得到氮化钛陶瓷。研究了用聚丙烯和氮化钛粉末制造聚合物陶瓷材料的条件以及相关复杂零件的 3D 打印条件。TiN-聚丙烯复合材料是在 190°C 的温度下通过挤出预先制备的均匀混合物而生产的，其中增强材料含量为 10、20、40、46、50 和 60 vol.% TiN。使用熔融沉积建模，打印出由聚合物陶瓷材料制成的齿轮形零件。含有 20 和 40 vol.% TiN 的印刷样品在微波炉中、炭黑回填物中的空气和氮气流中进行热处理。在微波炉中热处理后，样品保留了其初始形状。在空气中炭黑回填中处理的复合材料样品的孔隙率约为 38%，而在氮气流中处理的复合材料样品的孔隙率约为 22%。在空气中的炭黑回填物中进行微波热处理的样品经历了烧结和部分氧化。在氮气流中进行微波热处理后，氮化钛样品表现出更高的密度和双峰结构，氮化钛晶粒的尺寸从几微米到400-200纳米不等。在炭黑回填中热处理的样品的显微硬度为6.5-8.5 GPa，在氮气流中处理的样品的显微硬度为16 GPa。