The population dynamics of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), red flour beetle, was studied at 30 °C using long vertical columns (LVCs) (150 mm diameter and 1,020 mm long) and shallow containers (SCs) (460 mm long, 660 mm wide, and 150 mm high), containing 14 kg of whole wheat or a diet made of whole wheat and cracked wheat in 19:1 ratio by mass. The moisture content of the wheat or mixed diet was 14.5% (wb). Every 4 wk and up to 24 wk the live and dead adults were counted in the SCs or in each section of the LVCs. Each LVC was separated into 10 equal sections before removing grain from the LVC. After counting, the grains were incubated at 30 °C and 70% RH for 4 wk, and emerged adults after re-incubation were counted as offspring. The adults and offspring were mainly concentrated in the top section of the LVCs, which could be due to higher mortality in the lower sections and preference of T. castaneum for the surface of grain bulk. The diet influenced the population, and the insects developed better in the cracked wheat-based diet. Greater surface area of the container increased the multiplication and/ or survival of T. castaneum and insects inside SCs with larger surface area and with cracked wheat-based diet, had quicker population increase rate and larger carrying capacity than LVCs.

中文翻译：

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小麦和不同类型容器中与碎裂小麦混合的小麦中赤拟谷盗（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）的种群动态

在 30°C 下使用长垂直柱 (LVC)（直径 150 毫米，长 1,020 毫米）和浅容器 (SC)（长 460 毫米，宽 660 毫米）研究赤拟谷盗 (Herbst)（红面粉甲虫）的种群动态，高150毫米），含有14公斤全麦或由全麦和碎麦按19：1质量比制成的饲料。小麦或混合饲料的水分含量为14.5% (wb)。每 4 周和最多 24 周对 SC 或 LVC 各部分中的活成虫和死亡成虫进行计数。在从 LVC 中去除谷物之前，每个 LVC 被分成 10 个相等的部分。计数后，将籽粒在30℃、70%RH条件下孵育4周，重新孵育后羽化的成虫计为子代。成虫和后代主要集中在LVCs的顶部，这可能是由于较低部分的死亡率较高以及赤皮砗磲偏爱谷物表面的原因。饮食影响了种群，昆虫在以碎小麦为主的饮食中发育得更好。容器更大的表面积增加了赤霉和昆虫在SCs内的繁殖和/或生存，SCs具有更大的表面积和以碎小麦为主的饮食，与LVCs相比，具有更快的种群增长速度和更大的承载能力。