The objectives of this study were to perform a systematic review of publications between 2010 and 2021 on the antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from urinary tract infections and to analyze changes over time in hospital urine cultures from 2016 through 2021. The literature was searched, and a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in the hospital. Out of 21 838 positive urine cultures, 3.86% were due to P. aeruginosa and 0.44% were due to A. baumannii. For P. aeruginosa, lower resistance rates were observed to virtually all tested antibiotics than were obtained in the systematic review, and the present series of hospital samples showed an in vitro resistance rate <10% to ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, tobramycin, and colistin. For A. baumannii, the resistance rates to almost all antibiotics were higher in the present series than in the systematic review, being lowest to colistin (10%). Both microorganisms show reduced in vitro susceptibility to some antibiotics during the years of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to previous years. In our setting, both piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem can be recommended for the empirical treatment of UTIs by P. aeruginosa, whereas only colistin can be recommended for UTIs by A. baumannii.

中文翻译：

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尿培养中铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌的抗生素耐药性：西班牙东南部一家医院的经验

本研究的目的是对 2010 年至 2021 年关于尿路感染引起的铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌抗生素耐药性的出版物进行系统回顾，并分析 2016 年至 2021 年医院尿液培养随时间的变化。检索了文献，并在医院进行了一项回顾性横断面描述性研究。在 21 838 例尿培养阳性中，3.86% 为铜绿假单胞菌，0.44% 为鲍曼不动杆菌。对于铜绿假单胞菌，观察到几乎所有测试的抗生素的耐药率均低于系统评价中获得的耐药率，目前的一系列医院样本显示对头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、美罗培南、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、阿米卡星、妥布霉素和粘菌素。对于鲍曼不动杆菌，本系列中对几乎所有抗生素的耐药率均高于系统评价，其中对粘菌素的耐药率最低（10%）。与前几年相比，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，这两种微生物对某些抗生素的体外敏感性降低。在我们的环境中，哌拉西林-他唑巴坦和美罗培南均可推荐用于铜绿假单胞菌引起的尿路感染的经验治疗，而仅推荐粘菌素用于鲍曼不动杆菌引起的尿路感染。