Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) dating has emerged as one of the most useful techniques in the last two decades for quantifying geomorphological processes and building the chronology of late Quaternary glacial advances/retreats. The chronology based on TCN and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of glacial landforms from the northwestern (NW) Himalaya suggests that glaciers responded to a complex interaction between temperature and moisture essentially derived from either of the climate systems, the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) and the Mid-latitude Westerlies (MLW). The discrepancies between the TCN ages obtained on moraine boulders/bedrock surfaces, and the OSL ages on the stratigraphically equivalent deposits, highlighted the need for a detailed investigation. The present study attempts to build the chronology of Quaternary glaciation events in the Karakoram and Ladakh Ranges using TCN dating of stratigraphically constrained moraine boulders and striated bedrock surfaces. The TCN ages from glacially eroded surfaces (GES) having prominent striations are narrowly clustered around the Marine Isotopic Stage-2 (MIS-2). Agreement between GES TCN ages and OSL ages on the stratigraphically equivalent moraines suggests negligible geological inheritance. The glacial advance during MIS-2 can be attributed to the combined effect of reduction in north hemispheric insolation and enhanced westerly precipitation. However, relict non-glacial surfaces and moraine boulders with minimal ice flow modifications yield wide age distributions, most likely suggesting denudational events (interglacials) and/or contribution from tributary valley flanks.

中文翻译：

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喜马拉雅西北部喀喇昆仑山脉和拉达克山脉冰碛巨石和冰川抛光基岩表面的 10Be 暴露年龄测定：对第四纪冰川研究的影响

陆地宇宙成因核素（TCN）测年已成为过去二十年中量化地貌过程和建立晚第四纪冰川前进/后退年表的最有用的技术之一。基于TCN和光激发光（OSL）对喜马拉雅山西北部冰川地貌进行测年的年表表明，冰川对温度和湿度之间复杂的相互作用做出了反应，该相互作用本质上源自印度夏季季风（ISM）气候系统）和中纬度西风带（MLW）。冰碛巨石/基岩表面获得的 TCN 年龄与地层等效沉积物的 OSL 年龄之间的差异突出表明需要进行详细调查。本研究试图利用地层约束的冰碛巨石和条纹基岩表面的 TCN 测年来建立喀喇昆仑山脉和拉达克山脉第四纪冰川事件的年表。具有突出条纹的冰川侵蚀表面 (GES) 的 TCN 年龄紧密地聚集在海洋同位素阶段 2 (MIS-2) 周围。地层等效冰碛上的 GES TCN 年龄和 OSL 年龄之间的一致性表明地质继承可以忽略不计。MIS-2期间的冰川推进可归因于北半球日照减少和西风降水增加的综合影响。然而，残留的非冰川表面和冰流变化最小的冰碛巨石产生了广泛的年龄分布，最有可能表明剥蚀事件（间冰期）和/或来自支流山谷侧翼的贡献。