AIMS To know the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as the incidence of postoperative AF (POAF) in vascular surgery for arterial diseases and its outcome implications. METHODS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA statement. RESULTS After the selection process, we analyzed 44 records (30 for the prevalence of AF history and 14 for the incidence of POAF).The prevalence of history of AF was 11.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1-13.3] with high heterogeneity (I2 = 100%). Prevalence was higher in the case of endovascular procedures. History of AF was associated with a worse outcome in terms of in-hospital death [odds ratio (OR) 3.29; 95% CI 2.66-4.06; P < 0.0001; I2 94%] or stroke (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.39-1.86; P < 0.0001; I2 91%).The pooled incidence of POAF was 3.6% (95% CI 2-6.4) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 100%). POAF risk was associated with older age (mean difference 4.67 years, 95% CI 2.38-6.96; P = 0.00007). The risk of POAF was lower in patients treated with endovascular procedures as compared with an open surgical procedure (OR 0.35; 95% CI 0.13-0.91; P = 0.03; I2 = 61%). CONCLUSIONS In the setting of vascular surgery for arterial diseases a history of AF is found overall in 11.5% of patients, more frequently in the case of endovascular procedures, and is associated with worse outcomes in terms of short-term mortality and stroke.The incidence of POAF is overall 3.6%, and is lower in patients treated with an endovascular procedure as compared with open surgery procedures. The need for oral anticoagulants for preventing AF-related stroke should be evaluated with randomized clinical trials.

中文翻译：

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血管手术中的心房颤动：对患病率、发生率和结果影响的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

目的 了解心房颤动 (AF) 的患病率以及动脉疾病血管手术中术后房颤 (POAF) 的发生率及其对结果的影响。方法 我们根据 PRISMA 声明进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析。结果 选择过程后，我们分析了 44 条记录（其中 30 条记录为 AF 病史发生率，14 条为 POAF 发生率）。 AF 病史发生率为 11.5% [95% 置信区间 (CI) 1-13.3]，较高异质性（I2 = 100%）。血管内手术的患病率较高。房颤病史与院内死亡结局较差相关[比值比 (OR) 3.29；95% CI 2.66-4.06；P<0.0001；I2 94%] 或中风（OR 1.61；95% CI 1.39-1.86；P < 0.0001；I2 91%）。POAF 的汇总发生率为 3.6%（95% CI 2-6.4），具有高度异质性（I2 = 100%） ）。POAF 风险与年龄相关（平均差异 4.67 岁，95% CI 2.38-6.96；P = 0.00007）。与开放手术相比，接受血管内手术治疗的患者发生 POAF 的风险较低（OR 0.35；95% CI 0.13-0.91；P = 0.03；I2 = 61%）。结论 在动脉疾病血管手术中，11.5% 的患者总体上有 AF 病史，在血管内手术中更常见，并且与短期死亡率和中风方面的较差结果相关。 POAF 总体为 3.6%，与开放手术相比，接受血管内手术治疗的患者的 POAF 发生率较低。应通过随机临床试验评估口服抗凝剂预防房颤相关卒中的必要性。