Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become central in many research fields, particularly medicine. They offer the highest level of evidence in evidence-based medicine and support the development and revision of clinical practice guidelines, which offer recommendations for clinicians caring for patients with specific diseases and conditions. This review summarizes the concepts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses and provides guidance on reviewing and assessing such papers. A systematic review refers to a review of a research question that uses explicit and systematic methods to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research. In contrast, a meta-analysis is a quantitative statistical analysis that combines individual results on the same research question to estimate the common or mean effect. Conducting a meta-analysis involves defining a research topic, selecting a study design, searching literature in electronic databases, selecting relevant studies, and conducting the analysis. One can assess the findings of a meta-analysis by interpreting a forest plot and a funnel plot and by examining heterogeneity. When reviewing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, several essential points must be considered, including the originality and significance of the work, the comprehensiveness of the database search, the selection of studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, subgroup analyses by various factors, and the interpretation of the results based on the levels of evidence. This review will provide readers with helpful guidance to help them read, understand, and evaluate these articles.

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如何审查和评估系统评价和荟萃分析文章：方法论研究（二次发表）。

系统评价和荟萃分析已成为许多研究领域的核心，特别是医学。它们提供循证医学中最高水平的证据，并支持临床实践指南的制定和修订，为治疗患有特定疾病和病症的患者的临床医生提供建议。本综述总结了系统综述和荟萃分析的概念，并为审查和评估此类论文提供了指导。系统综述是指对研究问题进行综述，使用明确和系统的方法来识别、选择和批判性地评价相关研究。相比之下，荟萃分析是一种定量统计分析，它将同一研究问题的各个结果结合起来以估计共同或平均效应。进行荟萃分析包括定义研究主题、选择研究设计、在电子数据库中搜索文献、选择相关研究以及进行分析。人们可以通过解释森林图和漏斗图以及检查异质性来评估荟萃分析的结果。在审查系统评价和荟萃分析时，必须考虑几个要点，包括工作的原创性和意义、数据库检索的全面性、基于纳入和排除标准的研究选择、各种因素的亚组分析以及根据证据级别对结果的解释。这篇评论将为读者提供有用的指导，帮助他们阅读、理解和评估这些文章。