Abstract

The article considers the research methods, mathematical simulation, and calculation of heat-and-mass-transfer characteristics of film-type fills (packings) of cooling towers. The basic research approaches include experimental, numerical, and approximate methods. It is noted that the experimental and approximate methods are the most applicable for practical purposes when calculating cooling towers. One of the approximate methods consists in the application of flow structure models, namely, diffusion or cellular models. The authors consider the application of the cellular model for the gas and liquid phases in the form of an analytical solution with the thermal number of transfer units to calculate the thermal efficiency of the gas phase (air heating) and determine further the efficiency of the cooling water based on the thermal balance equation. The main parameters of the model, namely the number of cells for the gas and liquid phases, are calculated using the presented expressions. The article presents experimental data on hydraulic resistance, the volumetric coefficient of mass transfer, and thermal efficiency in the gas and liquid phases, obtained using the experimental model of a cooling tower with a bank of tubes (fill pack) with a discrete-regular rough surface. The calculation results by the cellular model are shown to agree with the experimental data. In addition, the calculation is performed for mini cooling towers with regular fills, used in rectification and absorption columns.

中文翻译：

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逆流式薄膜冷却塔水冷数学模型及实验数据

摘要

本文探讨了冷却塔薄膜型填料（填料）传热传质特性的研究方法、数学模拟和计算。基本研究方法包括实验法、数值法和近似法。值得注意的是，在计算冷却塔时，实验法和近似法最适用于实际目的。近似方法之一在于应用流动结构模型，即扩散或细胞模型。作者考虑以解析解的形式应用气相和液相元胞模型以及传递单元的热数量来计算气相（空气加热）的热效率并进一步确定冷却效率基于热平衡方程的水。模型的主要参数，即气相和液相的单元数量，是使用所提出的表达式计算的。本文介绍了有关水力阻力、传质体积系数以及气相和液相热效率的实验数据，这些数据是使用带有一组管（填充包）的冷却塔实验模型获得的，该冷却塔具有离散规则粗糙结构表面。细胞模型的计算结果与实验数据吻合。此外，还对精馏塔和吸收塔中使用的定期填充的小型冷却塔进行了计算。