Nanoduplicibothrium n. gen. is erected for the subgroup containing the smallest members of the "tetraphyllidean" family Serendipeidae with bothridia fused lengthwise in 2 pairs that lack both a distinct row of posterior loculi and a cephalic peduncle. Two new species in this genus are described. These are Nanoduplicibothrium leanneae n. gen. n. sp. from Rhinoptera bonasus off South Carolina and Nanoduplicibothrium megaphallum n. sp. from Rhinoptera jayakari off Mozambique. Two species currently assigned to Duplicibothrium are transferred to the new genus as Nanoduplicibothrium paulum n. comb and Nanoduplicibothrium jillae n. comb. and the diagnosis of Duplicibothrium is emended so that it aligns with the revised membership of the group. Duplicibothrium bilai n. sp. is also described from R. jayakari off Mozambique. The description of these species provides formal names for 3 species included in previously published molecular phylogenetic work under the provisional names Duplicibothrium n. sp. 2, Duplicibothrium n. sp. 4, and Duplicibothrium n. sp. 5, respectively. Erection of the new genus substantially reduces the number of instances of congeners in the family parasitizing the same host species because in most instances the pairs of species now represent 1 species each in Nanoduplicibothrium and Duplicibothrium. Sequence data for the D1-D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene were generated for Serendip for the first time from an undescribed species from Aetomylaeus asperrimus collected off Panama. This finding also expands the known host associations of the Serendipeidae beyond the Rhinopteridae to include a species of Myliobatidae. A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis of all species of serendipeids for which data for the D1-D3 region of the 28S rDNA gene are available confirms the reciprocal monophyly of Nanoduplicibothrium, Duplicibothrium, and Serendip. The phylogenetic placement of the fourth genus in the family-the monotypic Glyphobothrium-remains to be determined.

中文翻译：

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SERENDIPEIDEA 内的新颖性和系统发育关系（CESTODA：“TETRAPHYLLIDEA”）。

纳米双杆菌 n. 将军 是为包含“tetraphyllidean”科 Serendipeidae 中最小成员的亚群而建立的，其双足纵向融合成两对，缺乏一排明显的后室和头脚。描述了该属的两个新种。这些是 Nanoduplicibothrium Leanneae n。将军 名词 sp。来自南卡罗来纳州的 Rhinoptera bonasus 和 Nanoduplicibothrium megaphallum n。sp。来自莫桑比克的Rhinoptera Jayakari。目前归属于 Duplicibothrium 的两个物种已转移至新属，称为 Nanoduplicibothrium paulum n。梳子和 Nanoduplicibothrium jillae n. 梳子。并对 Duplicibothrium 的诊断进行了修改，使其与修订后的小组成员资格保持一致。Duplicibothrium bilai n。sp。莫桑比克附近的 R. jayakari 也有描述。这些物种的描述为之前发表的分子系统发育工作中包含的 3 个物种提供了正式名称，临时名称为 Duplicibothrium n。sp。2, Duplicibothrium n. sp。4，和 Duplicibothrium n。sp。分别为 5 个。新属的建立大大减少了该科中寄生相同宿主物种的同系物的实例数量，因为在大多数情况下，纳米双菌属和双菌属中的物种对现在各代表 1 个物种。首次从巴拿马收集的 Aetomylaeus asperrimus 的未描述物种中生成了 Serendip 28S rDNA 基因 D1-D3 区域的序列数据。这一发现还将已知的 Serendipeidae 宿主协会扩展到犀牛科 (Rhinopteridae) 之外，包括 Myliobatidae 的一种。对具有 28S rDNA 基因 D1-D3 区域数据的所有 Serendipeids 物种进行的最大似然系统发育分析证实了 Nanoduplicibothrium、Duplicibothrium 和 Serendip 的相互单系性。该科第四个属——单型 Glyphobothrium——的系统发育地位仍有待确定。