Background: The average retirement age in the United States (U.S.) has increased over the past few decades. However, the rate of increase for Hispanics is lower than that for non-Hispanics. For Hispanics, the decision to retire later may be more influenced by their migration history and context rather than health or finances. Objective: This study aims to explore the differences in the determinants of intentions to delay retirement (i.e., work beyond the age of 65) between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites in the U.S. Methods: A pooled sample was generated from all waves of the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2014), including a unique record for each non-institutionalized individual aged 55-61 who was employed. All eligible Hispanics (n = 3,663) were included, while a random sample of non-Hispanic Whites (n = 3,663) was selected. Logistic mixed models were conducted for each group, and a Two-fold Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis was used to explore differences between the groups. Results: The results indicate that non-Hispanic Whites are more likely to plan to postpone retirement. Furthermore, significant differences were found between Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites regarding their intentions to delay retirement, specifically related to socioeconomic indicators such as individual earnings, amount of debt, level of education, and parents' level of education. The differences between the groups were primarily influenced by the amount of debt, having a defined benefit plan, and parents' level of education, reflecting the cumulative disadvantage experienced by Hispanics over their life course. Conclusion: Most existing research on the topic has focused on middle-class Whites, while few studies have examined race or ethnicity as the primary focus or explored the extent to which commonly identified predictors of delayed retirement apply to different ethno-racial groups. This is significant because Hispanics and other disadvantaged groups tend to experience financial insecurity during retirement, which directly impacts their health and well-being.

中文翻译：

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西班牙裔和非西班牙裔工人 65 岁以上工作意愿的决定因素：从生命历程角度进行分析。

背景：过去几十年来，美国的平均退休年龄有所提高。然而，西班牙裔的增长率低于非西班牙裔。对于西班牙裔人来说，推迟退休的决定可能更多地受到他们的移民历史和背景的影响，而不是健康或财务状况。目的：本研究旨在探讨美国拉美裔和非拉美裔白人延迟退休意愿（即 65 岁以上工作）的决定因素的差异。方法：从所有健康浪潮中生成汇总样本。退休研究（1992-2014），包括每个 55-61 岁非福利机构就业人员的独特记录。所有符合条件的西班牙裔（n = 3,663）都被纳入其中，同时随机选择了非西班牙裔白人（n = 3,663）样本。对每组进行Logistic混合模型，并使用两倍Oaxaca-Blinder分解分析来探索组间差异。结果：结果表明非西班牙裔白人更有可能计划推迟退休。此外，西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人在推迟退休的意愿方面存在显着差异，特别是与个人收入、债务金额、教育水平和父母教育水平等社会经济指标有关。各群体之间的差异主要受到债务金额、固定福利计划和父母教育水平的影响，反映了西班牙裔在其一生中所经历的累积劣势。结论：该主题的大多数现有研究都集中在中产阶级白人身上，而很少有研究将种族或族裔作为主要焦点，或探讨普遍确定的延迟退休预测因素在多大程度上适用于不同的民族群体。这一点很重要，因为西班牙裔和其他弱势群体在退休期间往往会遇到财务上的不安全感，这直接影响他们的健康和福祉。