BACKGROUND Accurate measurement of exclusive breastfeeding is important in maternal and child health research. Exclusive breastfeeding is often measured using the 24-hour recall or the since birth method for the first 6 months. These methods can produce different estimates, introducing problems in interpreting breastfeeding behavior and making accurate comparisons across settings or countries. RESEARCH AIM Our aim was to compare the exclusive breastfeeding rates between the 24-hour recall and since birth methods among a diverse cohort of birthing people using the ecological momentary assessments method. In addition, we compared the exclusive breastfeeding rates between the two methods across race and other maternal characteristics. METHODS This study is a secondary analysis using data from the Postpartum Mothers Mobile Study (PMOMS), a prospective longitudinal study which recruited participants during pregnancy and followed them for 12 months after delivery. Participants completed surveys in real-time via ecological momentary assessment. Individual exclusive breastfeeding rates from months 1-6 were computed using 24-hour recall and since birth methods for 284 participants. We calculated the percentage point difference between the two methods across child age and maternal characteristics. We used a two-sample test of proportions to determine if the differences observed in the proportions were significant. RESULTS Exclusive breastfeeding rates from the 24-hour recall were higher than the since birth rates across all ages and maternal characteristics. The difference between the two methods at 3 months was 25.7 percentage points and at 6 months was a 17.2 percentage points. Irrespective of the method used to measure exclusive breastfeeding, White participants had higher exclusive breastfeeding rates than Black participants. CONCLUSION The 24-hour recall and the since birth methods of assessing exclusive breastfeeding provided substantially different estimates. These findings highlight the importance of specificity in measuring and reporting exclusive breastfeeding.

中文翻译：

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使用生态瞬时评估对宾夕法尼亚州西南部 24 小时回忆和出生后方法的纯母乳喂养率进行比较评估。

背景技术纯母乳喂养的准确测量对于母婴健康研究具有重要意义。纯母乳喂养通常使用 24 小时回忆法或出生后 6 个月的方法来衡量。这些方法可能会产生不同的估计，从而在解释母乳喂养行为以及在不同环境或国家之间进行准确比较时引入问题。研究目的 我们的目的是使用生态瞬时评估方法，比较不同分娩人群中 24 小时回忆法和出生后方法之间的纯母乳喂养率。此外，我们还比较了不同种族和其他母亲特征的两种方法之间的纯母乳喂养率。方法 这项研究是使用产后母亲移动研究 (PMOMS) 数据进行的二次分析，这是一项前瞻性纵向研究，招募了怀孕期间的参与者，并在分娩后对他们进行了 12 个月的跟踪。参与者通过生态瞬时评估完成实时调查。使用 24 小时回忆法和出生后方法计算 284 名参与者从第 1 个月到第 6 个月的个人纯母乳喂养率。我们计算了两种方法在儿童年龄和母亲特征方面的百分点差异。我们使用了两个样本的比例检验来确定比例中观察到的差异是否显着。结果 在所有年龄段和母亲特征中，24 小时回忆中的纯母乳喂养率均高于出生后的纯母乳喂养率。两种方法之间的差异在 3 个月时为 25.7 个百分点，在 6 个月时为 17.2 个百分点。无论采用何种方法衡量纯母乳喂养，白人参与者的纯母乳喂养率均高于黑人参与者。结论 24 小时回忆法和自出生以来评估纯母乳喂养的方法提供了截然不同的估计值。这些发现强调了测量和报告纯母乳喂养的特异性的重要性。