Across eight experiments, we investigated whether adult perceivers (both lay perceivers and elementary school teachers) evaluate children's pain differently depending on the child's race. We found evidence that adults varying in racial and ethnic identities (but primarily White) believed 4- to 6-year-old Black children felt less pain than 4- to 6-year-old White children (Experiments 1-7), and this effect was not moderated by child sex (Experiments 6-7). We also examined perceptions of life hardship as a mediator of this race-to-pain effect, finding that adults evaluated Black children as having lived harder lives and thus as feeling less pain than White children (Experiments 1-3). Finally, we examined downstream consequences for hypothetical treatment recommendations among samples of both lay perceivers and elementary school teachers. We found that adults' perceptions of pain sensitivity were linked with hypothetical pain treatment decisions (Experiments 5a-7). Thus, we consistently observed that adults' race-based pain stereotypes biased evaluations of 4- to 6-year-old children's pain and may influence pain care. This racial bias in evaluations of young children's pain has implications for psychological theory and equitable treatment of children's pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对儿童疼痛的看法存在种族偏见。

通过八项实验，我们调查了成人感知者（包括非专业感知者和小学教师）是否会根据孩子的种族对儿童的疼痛进行不同的评估。我们发现证据表明，不同种族和民族身份的成年人（但主要是白人）认为 4 至 6 岁的黑人儿童比 4 至 6 岁的白人儿童感受到的疼痛要少（实验 1-7），并且这儿童性别不影响效果（实验 6-7）。我们还研究了对生活困难的看法作为这种“种族与痛苦”效应的中介因素，发现成年人认为黑人儿童过着更艰苦的生活，因此比白人儿童感受到的痛苦更少（实验1-3）。最后，我们在非专业感知者和小学教师的样本中研究了假设治疗建议的下游后果。我们发现成年人对疼痛敏感性的看法与假设的疼痛治疗决策有关（实验 5a-7）。因此，我们一致观察到，成年人基于种族的疼痛刻板印象会导致对 4 至 6 岁儿童疼痛的评估产生偏差，并可能影响疼痛护理。这种对幼儿疼痛评估的种族偏见对心理学理论和儿童疼痛的公平治疗具有影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。