PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension is a condition characterized by increased sympathetic activity and the autonomic nervous system. Resistant hypertension, a condition with a prevalence of 10% to 20% in the general hypertensive population, is more likely to experience poor outcomes and adverse cardiovascular events. Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN), a minimally invasive, catheter-based percutaneous intervention, has been considered for treating this condition. Clinical trials have used various catheters, such as the Symplicity Spyral catheter, Vessix Renal Denervation system, and Paradise endovascular ultrasound renal denervation system. RECENT FINDINGS After the first randomized clinical trials examining the effectiveness and safety of RDN for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients, new clinical trials have used various catheters based on radiofrequency, such as the Spyral catheter, Vessix Renal Denervation system, or based on radiofrequency as the Paradise endovascular ultrasound renal denervation system. Positive results on this trials have shown that endovascular RDN (radiofrequency energy or high focused ultrasound energy) could be considered as a treatment option for uncontrolled resistant hypertension. SUMMARY Therefore, endovascular RDN (radiofrequency energy or high focused ultrasound energy) could be considered as a treatment option for uncontrolled resistant hypertension, which can be considered as an alternative to increasing medication. Nevertheless more data are needed, mainly in cardiovascular outcomes. RDN should be performed in experienced and specialized centers with a multidisciplinary team, and the benefits and risks of RDN should be addressed in a shared-decision-making process.

中文翻译：

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肾去神经术用于治疗高血压和肾脏疾病。

综述目的高血压是一种以交感神经活动和自主神经系统增加为特征的疾病。顽固性高血压在普通高血压人群中的患病率为 10% 至 20%，更有可能出现不良结局和不良心血管事件。去肾交感神经支配术（RDN）是一种基于导管的微创经皮介入治疗，已被考虑用于治疗这种情况。临床试验使用了各种导管，例如 Symplicity Spyral 导管、Vessix 肾去神经系统和 Paradise 血管内超声肾去神经系统。最近的发现 在第一个随机临床试验检验 RDN 降低高血压患者血压的有效性和安全性之后，新的临床试验使用了各种基于射频的导管，例如 Spyral 导管、Vessix 肾去神经系统，或基于射频的导管Paradise 血管内超声肾去神经系统。该试验的积极结果表明，血管内 RDN（射频能量或高聚焦超声能量）可被视为不受控制的顽固性高血压的治疗选择。总结因此，血管内RDN（射频能量或高聚焦超声能量）可以被认为是无法控制的难治性高血压的一种治疗选择，可以被认为是增加药物治疗的替代方案。然而，还需要更多数据，主要是心血管结局方面的数据。RDN 应在具有多学科团队的经验丰富的专业中心进行，并且应在共同决策过程中解决 RDN 的益处和风险。