The contribution of fathers and family dynamics to the deleterious effects of mothers' depressive symptoms on children's behavioral adjustment has been evaluated in this study. Using longitudinal data spanning from toddlerhood to grade school (N = 1,311), this study examined whether negative emotional states in both parents related to mothers' cumulative depressive symptoms during the early years of children were associated with children's later internalizing and externalizing problems in grade school. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to segregate between- and within-individual effects. The results demonstrated that, independent of fathers' depressive symptoms, high levels of maternal cumulative depressive symptoms were positively associated with negative emotional states in both parents over time, which then independently mediated the longitudinal associations between mothers' depressive symptoms and children's subsequent behavioral maladjustment, particularly internalizing problems, at the between-individual trait level. The findings highlight the interdependence of family members from a longitudinal perspective and support the unique contributions of both parents' negative emotional states to better understand children's behavioral adjustment in the context of maternal depressive symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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母亲的抑郁症状和儿童的行为调整：父母消极情绪状态的作用。

本研究评估了父亲和家庭动态对母亲抑郁症状对儿童行为调整的有害影响的贡献。这项研究使用从幼儿期到小学的纵向数据（N = 1,311），检验了父母双方的负面情绪状态是否与儿童早期母亲累积的抑郁症状相关，是否与儿童后来在小学的内化和外化问题相关。 。使用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型来分离个体之间和个体内部的影响。结果表明，与父亲的抑郁症状无关，随着时间的推移，母亲的高水平累积抑郁症状与父母双方的负面情绪状态呈正相关，从而独立介导母亲的抑郁症状与儿童随后的行为失调之间的纵向关联。特别是在个体特质水平上的内化问题。研究结果从纵向角度强调了家庭成员的相互依赖，并支持父母双方消极情绪状态的独特贡献，以更好地理解母亲抑郁症状背景下儿童的行为调整。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。