PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although invasive mold infections (IMI) are a major complication in high-risk populations, treatment duration has not yet been well defined. RECENT FINDINGS Guidelines suggest documenting clinical/radiological resolution and immunological recovery before stopping antifungal treatment, after a minimum duration of treatment of 3 months for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, while longer (up to 6 months) duration is proposed for the treatment of invasive mucormycosis. However, data on and definitions of clinical/radiological resolution and immune recovery remain scarce. Limited real-life data suggest that often much longer courses of treatment are given, generally in the context of continuous immunosuppression, occasionally defined as secondary prophylaxis. However, clearcut definition and distinction of secondary prophylaxis from antifungal treatment remain to be defined. SUMMARY Decisions to stop antifungal treatment are based on poorly defined treatment responses and immune reconstitution and experts' opinions. More evidence is needed to determine the optimal duration of treatment of IMI. Well designed, easy to use, and realistic algorithms to help clinicians decide when to stop antifungal treatment are urgently needed.

中文翻译：

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霉菌感染的抗真菌治疗持续时间：什么时候足够？

审查目的虽然侵袭性霉菌感染（IMI）是高危人群的主要并发症，但治疗持续时间尚未明确。最新发现指南建议，在侵袭性肺曲霉病至少治疗 3 个月后，停止抗真菌治疗前记录临床/放射学缓解和免疫恢复情况，而侵袭性毛霉菌病的治疗则建议更长（最多 6 个月）的疗程。然而，临床/放射学分辨率和免疫恢复的数据和定义仍然很少。有限的现实数据表明，通常会给予更长的疗程，通常是在持续免疫抑制的情况下，有时被定义为二级预防。然而，二级预防与抗真菌治疗的明确定义和区别仍有待确定。摘要 停止抗真菌治疗的决定是基于不明确的治疗反应和免疫重建以及专家的意见。需要更多证据来确定 IMI 的最佳治疗持续时间。迫切需要设计良好、易于使用且现实的算法来帮助临床医生决定何时停止抗真菌治疗。