Cancer interception (CI) is a new approach to cancer prevention and treatment in a cancer-risk population that aims to detect and treat pre-tumoral stages. It has several potential advantages over traditional cancer diagnosis and monitoring methods because it is non-invasive, making it less painful and risky than conventional biopsy procedures. The circulating tumor cells (CTCs), liquid biopsy family members, are essential for the CI approach; then, the liquid biopsy (LB) is used as a CI tool. LB can be performed frequently because of its easy sampling and early pathological stages, which allow repeated non-invasive monitoring of cancer progression and response to treatment. CTCs have been found in the bloodstream of several types of cancer patients, including in early-stage cancer and premalignant lesions, suggesting a tumor development role in cancer's early stages. This chapter will present foundational scientific studies addressing CI and the clinical impact of CTC screening in a population at risk for cancer.

中文翻译：

---

在癌症风险人群中循环肿瘤细胞作为癌症拦截工具。

癌症拦截（CI）是一种针对癌症高危人群预防和治疗癌症的新方法，旨在检测和治疗肿瘤前阶段。与传统的癌症诊断和监测方法相比，它具有几个潜在的优势，因为它是非侵入性的，比传统的活检程序痛苦和风险较小。循环肿瘤细胞 (CTC) 作为液体活检家族成员，对于 CI 方法至关重要；然后，使用液体活检（LB）作为 CI 工具。LB 可以经常进行，因为它易于取样且处于早期病理阶段，从而可以对癌症进展和治疗反应进行重复非侵入性监测。在多种癌症患者的血液中发现了 CTC，包括早期癌症和癌前病变，这表明 CTC 在癌症早期阶段的肿瘤发展中发挥着作用。本章将介绍针对 CI 和 CTC 筛查对癌症风险人群的临床影响的基础科学研究。